3D luam ntawv (tseem hu ua additive manufacturing) tsim cov khoom los ntawm cov qauv siv cov txheej txheem txheej txheej ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev. 3D luam ntawv yog dav siv los tsim cov polymers, hlau, pob zeb, thiab hydrogels. Hlau AM tuaj yeem tsim tau ntau yam hlau, tab sis txhuas AM yog siv los tsim cov khoom tshwj xeeb rau kev lag luam aerospace thiab automotive industries.
Hauv particular, hlau additive manufacturing tau txais kev mloog ntau vim nws qhov zoo dua li kev tsim khoom xws li casting, sib sau, thiab machining.
Hlau additive manufacturing yog siv nyob rau hauv lub aerospace, roj thiab roj, marine, thiab automotive kev lag luam vim zoo xws li ib feem tsim kev ywj pheej, ib feem complexity, lub teeb yuag, ib feem kev koom ua ke, thiab haumxeeb tsim. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tsim khoom siv ntxiv yog cov cuab yeej tsim khoom tsis muaj cov txheej txheem uas tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom siv hlau uas muaj qhov siab siab hauv lub sijhawm tsawg.
Cov txheej txheem siv hauv 3D luam ntawv txhuas
Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) yog ib txoj hauv kev rau 3D luam ntawv txhuas nrog lub ntsej muag ntau dua thiab siab precision. Cov txheej txheem pib los ntawm lub zos melting cov khoom siv ib tug haib laser, uas ces ua ib tug nruam txheej ntawm solidified hlau. Hauv cov txheej txheem no, cov khoom siv thiab kev txhawb nqa yog tsim ib txhij thiab raws li cov khoom ntawm aluminium-raws li alloy, cov txheej txheem tsis tuaj yeem hloov kho rau qhov porosity, microstructure, thiab cov khoom siv kawg.
Electron beam hmoov txaj fusion yog ib txoj kev zoo ib yam li LPBF nyob rau hauv uas ib tug electron beam yog siv los solidify hlau hmoov. Vim lub siab ua haujlwm kub ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, lub monolayer ntawm 3D luam tawm ib ntus maj mam txias, ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv me me piv rau LPBF.
AlSi10Mg yog ib qho txhuas alloy feem ntau siv hauv 3D luam ntawv txhuas kev lag luam. Nws qhov zoo yog siab zog, toughness, dynamic huab hwm coj, txhim kho thermal zog thiab buildability.
AlSi7Mg yog lwm lub zog steel hlau siv hauv cov khoom siv hauv kev lag luam aerospace, tiv thaiv, thiab kev lag luam tsheb. Lub ntsiab zoo ntawm 3D luam tawm AlSi7Mg yog nws lub teeb yuag, corrosion kuj thiab siab dynamic load-nqa peev.
Tsis tas li ntawd, qee qhov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias muaj kev vam meej luam ntawv ntawm Al6061 thiab Al7075, uas yav tas los suav hais tias tsis sib haum nrog cov txheej txheem tsim khoom hlau.
Qhov kev tshawb fawb tshiab tshaj plaws hauv 3D luam ntawv txhuas
Hauv kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv phau ntawv journal Ceramics, cov kws tshawb fawb hauv Suav teb tau luam tawm aluminium phosphate-bound Al2O3 ceramics siv tus cwj mem sau ncaj qha. Lawv qhov kev tshawb pom tseem ceeb yog tias Al2O3 ceramics nthuav tawm ultra-low dimensional shrinkage vim qhov sib ntxiv ntawm inorganic binders.
Cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau tshawb nrhiav 3D-luam ntawv aluminium composite sandwich qauv rau kev lag luam aerospace. 3D luam ntawv ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag sandwich tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ruaj khov thiab tsim tau yooj yim hauv kev lag luam aerospace.
Ntxiv nanomaterials rau txhuas kuj yog lub ntsiab lus tshawb fawb tshiab hauv hlau 3D luam ntawv. Nanomaterials txhim kho cov cuab yeej thiab thermal zog ntawm 3D luam tawm txhuas, thiab fusion ntawm nanoparticles thaum lub sij hawm 3D luam ntawv txheej txheem txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm 3D luam ntawv txhuas.
Qhov zoo ntawm aluminium 3D luam ntawv
Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm txhuas 3D luam ntawv yog tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm txhuas tuaj yeem hloov pauv los ntawm kev hloov cov microstructure thiab kev faib tawm sab hauv. Kev tshawb fawb ntawm txhuas 3D luam ntawv kuj tau qhia txog kev txuag cov ntaub ntawv piv rau cov txheej txheem ib txwm muaj. High-tech industries siv hlau additive manufacturing tau pom sai dua kev tsim ntawm complex qhov chaw, siab dua cov khoom siv zog, thiab ductility zoo piv rau ib txwm txoj kev.
Aluminium additive manufacturing kuj tseem ua rau kev tsim cov qauv zoo tshaj plaws uas yuav tsis yog kim, siv sij hawm, lossis txawm tias tsis tuaj yeem tsim khoom siv cov qauv tsim khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, 3D-printed txhuas qhov chaw tuaj yeem siv nrog lwm qhov chaw los tsim cov qauv hybrid.
Siv aluminium 3D luam ntawv, nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom siv nrog lub zog nqus cov khoom thiab cov khoom siv sab hauv. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kev ntxhov siab uas tsis xav tau tsim nyob rau hauv cov qauv siv tau tuaj yeem hloov mus rau hauv qhov zoo nkauj prestresses.
Kev sib tw thiab yav tom ntej ntawm txhuas 3D luam ntawv
Cov teeb meem tseem ceeb tseem nyob hauv txhuas 3D luam ntawv rau ntau hom kev lag luam. Qee zaum, 3D luam ntawv ntawm txhuas yog kim dua li cov txheej txheem ntau lawm. Hauv hlau 3D luam ntawv, cov qauv tsim uas twb muaj lawm yuav tsum tau hloov kho kom haum raws li cov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov geometry sib txawv.
Hlau additive manufacturing technology yuav tsum muaj ntau tus qauv, thiab cov txheej txheem kev ruaj ntseg tshiab yuav tsum tau siv los xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom tsim tau txhim khu kev qha ntawm lawv lub neej. Ntev npaum li cov teeb meem kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam raug daws, txhuas 3D luam ntawv muaj peev xwm zoo rau kev siv hauv ntau yam lag luam.