Taw qhia
Xav txog qhov no: tus neeg saib xyuas kev yuav khoom tau txais ib pawg ntawm cov hlau 3D luam tawm pwm ntxig uas zoo li tsis zoo thaum tuaj txog. Qhov saum npoo tiav yog du, qhov sib txawv ntawm cov cua txias raws tau raug muab tso rau hauv qhov tseeb, thiab qhov ntsuas qhov ntev ntawm daim ntawv. Ob lub lis piam mus rau kev tsim khoom, txawm li cas los xij, cov pwm pib hnav tsis sib xws, flash tshwm rau ntawm qhov chaw, thiab lub voj voog sij hawm drift. Lub hauv paus ua rau? Tsis muaj cov txheej txheem hlau 3D luam ntawv zoo tswj qhov system - tsuas yog ad-hoc post- ua haujlwm uas tshuav qhov kev ntxhov siab, tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm qhov chaw, thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis tau lees paub.
Kev tshaj tawm ruaj khov- kev ua haujlwm zoo tsis yog qhov zoo -rau- muaj rau hlau 3D luam ntawv; nws yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov cuab yeej pwm uas kav ntev li 100, 000+ cycles thiab ib qho tsis ua tiav ntawm 20,000. Phau ntawv qhia tswv yim no taug kev cov neeg yuav khoom thiab cov chaw tsim khoom los ntawm kev tsim, tshuaj xyuas, thiab tswj ib qho. Koj yuav pom cov ntaub ntawv tiag tiag, ib qho pov thawj rau - ncej ncej, thiab Sunhingstones cov ntaub ntawv kawm uas xa 180,{11}} mus rau siab - ntim khoom siv tsheb. Seb koj tab tom nrhiavhlau 3D luam ntawv txhaj pwminserts los yog scaling koj tus kheej hlau additive manufacturing lag luam, cov kauj ruam no yuav tiv thaiv koj cov peev thiab koj cov khoom uptime.
Vim li cas cov cuab yeej pwm tsa cov khoom zoo siab dua li cov qauv hlau
Txhaj pwm cov cuab yeej ua los ntawm hlau 3D luam ntawv ntsib kev rau txim ntau dua li cov khoom siv AM. Txhua lub voj voog ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov siab heev (feem ntau 200-400℃viav vias), nruj qhov ntev kam rau ua (feem ntau ± 0.05 hli lossis zoo dua hla cov ntxig loj), thiab cov txheej txheem tiav uas tuaj yeem thov Ra Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.8 µm ntawm polished kab noj hniav. Conformal cooling channels yuav tsum nyob twj ywm tawm -dawb thiab dimensionally ruaj khov nyob rau hauv siab siab thiab rov qab thermal cycling.
Yog tsis muaj kev cai hlau 3D luam ntawv zoo tswj qhov system, cov kev xav tau dhau los ua kev kwv yees. Kev tshem tawm kev txhawb nqa tuaj yeem qhia txog micro-kev cuam tshuam, kev kho cua sov tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab, thiab kev ua tiav ntawm qhov chaw tuaj yeem hloov qhov txias txias -channel geometry. Raws li kev tshawb fawb xyoo 2023 luam tawm hauv Phau Ntawv Xov Xwm ntawm Cov Txheej Txheem Kev Tsim Khoom, ntau dua 55% ntawm AM cov cuab yeej ntxig cov kev ua tsis tiav rov qab mus rau qhov tsis txaus siab- ua haujlwm ntau dua li cov txheej txheem luam ntawv nws tus kheej.
Tias yog vim li cas txhua qhov kev tshaj tawm- theem ua tiav yuav tsum muaj cov ntaub ntawv "zoo rooj vag" - qhov ntsuas ntsuas tau nrog cov txheej txheem dhau / tsis ua ntej ntu mus tom ntej. Tsuas yog tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem lav qhovhlau 3D luam ntawvqhov ntev kam rau ua, SLM pwm tooling nto tiav, thiab channel kev ncaj ncees uas siab - ntim molding xav tau.
Lub rau tus ncej ntawm ib tug hlau 3D luam ntawv ncej-txoj kev zoo
Ntawm no yog lub scannable, shareable core ntawm ib qho kev txhim khu kev qha hlau 3D luam ntawv zoo tswj system. Txhua tus ncej suav nrog cov lus piav qhia luv luv thiab qhov ua tsis tiav yam tsis muaj nws.
Tsim cov ntaub ntawv parameter & kos npe-tawm Txhua txoj haujlwm pib nrog cov ntaub ntawv kaw (laser zog, scan lub tswv yim, txheej tuab, kev txhawb nqa tsim) kos npe los ntawm engineering thiab zoo. Yog tsis muaj nws, koj tsis tuaj yeem taug qab qhov tsis xws luag rov qab rau hauv paus ua rau lossis rov ua tiav kev ua tiav.
Kev ntxhov siab / kev kho cua sov nrog cov ntawv pov thawj lub voj voog rau H13 cov cuab yeej hlau lossis cov hlau zoo sib xws, kev tswj HIP lossis lub tshuab nqus tsev sov- kho lub voj voog tsis yog- sib tham. Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj thermocouple thiab cov kab kos hluav taws xob ua pov thawj tias qhov chaw mus txog qhov kub thiab txias -lub sijhawm profile. Hla qhov no thiab residual stresses ua warping los yog ntxov ntxov cracking nyob rau hauv pwm.
Txhawb kev tshem tawm cov txheej txheem + qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas # 1 Ib tus qauv ua ntu zus (xaim EDM, bandsaw, CNC) ua raws li CMM tam sim lossis xiav - lub teeb scan. Qhov no thawj zaug - kab lus qhov rooj qhov ntev catches distortion ntxov. Yog tsis muaj nws, tom qab ua tiav cov kauj ruam nkim sij hawm tawm ntawm - ntawm - qhov kam rau ua.
Cov txheej txheem nto tiav (blasting, EDM, polishing) nrog Ra lub hom phiaj rau ib daim ntawv thov Qhia meej Ra qhov tseem ceeb (piv txwv li, Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 0.8 µm rau lub ntsej muag kab noj hniav, Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 3.2 µm rau qhov tsis yog - pom thaj chaw) thiab cov kab ke ntawm kev tshaj tawm, siab, thiab polishing cov kauj ruam. SLM pwm tooling nto tiav ncaj qha cuam tshuam qhov tso tawm thiab pwm lub neej; uncontrolled finishing tsim inconsistent kev ntxhib los mos thiab zais siab risers.
Conformal cooling channel pressure & leak test Pressurize channels to 1.5 × kev khiav hauj lwm siab (feem ntau 150-200 bar) nrog helium los yog dyed dej thiab tuav rau ib lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv. Ib qho poob los yog xau tsis ua haujlwm. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom txias txias ntxig 3D luam ntawv - qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas ua rau hlau AM tooling superior.
Thaum kawg CMM / 3D scan soj ntsuam & thawj zaug- tsab xov xwm qhia Tag Nrho 3D kho qhov muag lossis CT scan ntxiv rau CMM cov ntsiab lus ntawm txhua qhov tseem ceeb, nrog rau cov ntawv tshaj tawm digital suav nrog cov ntawv qhia tshav kub ntawm kev sib txawv. Qhov rooj zaum kawg no tsim cov pob khoom zoo uas txhua tus neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum tau thov.
Qhov no txawv li cas rau kev txhaj tshuaj pwm cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb Mould inserts yuav tsum ua tsis tau tsuas yog cov neeg kho tshuab specs tab sis kuj 3D luam pwm ntxig cov qauv zoo uas suav nrog kev qaug zog lub neej nyob rau hauv cyclic loading thiab thermal conductivity tuav. Cov txheej txheem kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom siv hlau ntxiv yog li ntxiv cov kev ntsuas siab / tawm thiab qhov chaw- kev txheeb xyuas kev ncaj ncees uas tus qauv AM qhov chaw tsis tshua xav tau. Lub rau - ncej system tswj cov rooj vag ntxiv no tau txais.
Cov ntaub ntawv hais tias: zoo systems vs. tsis zoo systems
Cov lej nyuaj ua rau cov ntaub ntawv tsis lees paub. Wohlers Report 2024 qhia tau hais tias cov tuam txhab lag luam nrog cov ntawv tshaj tawm AM raug cai - cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm tau tshaj tawm 35-40% tsawg dua qhov rov ua haujlwm. ASTM International AM Center of Excellence kev tshawb pom tau lees paub tias kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm txhua tus ncej- theem ua tiav txo tag nrho cov seem seem ntawm ~ 18% mus rau qis dua 5% hauv qhov chaw tsim khoom.
Nov yog qhov sib piv ceev:
|
Metric |
Ad-hoc post- ua |
Cov txheej txheem zoo |
|
Tus nqi seem |
~18% |
<5% |
|
Thawj- kab lus hla tus nqi |
60–70% |
95%+ |
|
Lead-lub sijhawm kwv yees |
Siab sib txawv |
±10% |
|
Tooling lifespan |
20,000-50,000 cycles |
100,000–200, 000+ cycles |
|
Cov neeg siv khoom tsis txaus siab tus nqi |
15–20% |
<2% |
ESTA- lees paub cov neeg muag khoom nyob rau hauv cross- ciam teb cov cuab yeej cuab tam cov khoom lag luam tau nce zuj zus los ua kom pom cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj zoo - muab cov tuam txhab ua raws li qhov pom tseeb hauv kev sib tw thoob ntiaj teb. Cov lus yog yooj yim: ncej- cov kauj ruam ua rau hlau AM qhov chaw yog qhov ua tau zoo sib txawv.
Sunhingstones cov ntaub ntawv kawm: tsim kom muaj kev ua tau zoo rau siab - ntim cov cuab yeej pwm
Ib lub tuam txhab European plastics xav tau yim hlau 3D luam H13 steel pwm inserts nrog conformal txias rau ib tug siab - ntim automotive sab hauv trim ib feem. Lawv cov neeg muag khoom yav dhau los siv ad-hoc post- ua tiav; peb ntawm yim inserts ua tsis tau tejyam kev sim siab thiab qhov project poob rau lub lis piam.
Sunhingstones tau siv tag nrho rau - rooj vag zoo raws tu qauv. Qhov tshwm sim: tag nrho yim qhov ntxig tau dhau los ua ntej - tsab xov xwm tshuaj xyuas thawj zaug. Conformal cua txias channel tuav 150 bar nrog xoom to. Cov cuab yeej tam sim no tau tshaj 180,000 lub voj voog uas tsis muaj kev tu ncua.
Raws li cov ntawv pov thawj hlau 3D luam ntawv chaw tsim tshuaj paus ua haujlwm 3D luam ntawv pwm ntxig lub Hoobkas, Sunhingstones kho cov kab ke zoo nws tus kheej li cov khoom lag luam. Cov neeg yuav khoom tau txais tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv pob khoom - tsis yog qhov chaw - ua kom muaj kev sib txuam tsis sib haum rau hauv lawv tus kheej ISO lossis IATF systems. Txoj hauv kev no hloov cov lag luam wholesale hlau 3D luam ntawv kev pabcuam rau hauv qhov rov ua tau, qis -kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov saw hlau daws teeb meem.
Yuav ua li cas los ntsuas seb tus hlau 3D luam ntawv muaj qhov system zoo li cas
Siv qhov no 7- nqe lus nug txog kev mob siab rau daim ntawv teev npe ua ntej xaj los ntawm ib qho kev cai hlau 3D luam ntawv cov khoom lag luam:
Koj puas tuaj yeem muab cov txheej txheem FMEA tshwj xeeb rau kev tshaj tawm - ua haujlwm?
Koj puas muab daim ntawv pov thawj kho cua sov (nrog cov kab kos thermocouple) nrog txhua pawg?
Dab tsi CMM lossis 3D scanning khoom koj siv, thiab kuv puas tuaj yeem pom cov ntaub ntawv ntsuas ntsuas?
Yuav ua li cas koj sim conformal txias channel kev ncaj ncees (siab, xau, ntws)?
Dab tsi yog koj cov ntaub ntawv ua ntej -kab ntawv hla tus nqi rau pwm ntxig rau 12 lub hlis dhau los?
Kuv puas tuaj yeem pom cov qauv kev qhia zoo los ntawm yav dhau los hlau 3D luam ntawv txhaj tshuaj pwm txoj haujlwm?
Puas yog koj cov txheej txheem tshawb xyuas rau ib qho ISO lossis ASTM tus qauv?
Cov neeg muab khoom uas teb "yog" rau tag nrho xya - thiab tuaj yeem tsim cov ntaub ntawv tam sim ntawd - ua haujlwm muaj tseeb hlau 3D luam ntawv tswj qhov system. Sunhingstones ua.
Cov kauj ruam ua tau zoo los tsim lossis txheeb xyuas koj tus kheej tshaj tawm -kev ua haujlwm zoo
Yog tias koj khiav hauv -lub tsev AM lab lossis xav tshawb xyuas cov neeg muab khoom, ua raws li cov kauj ruam no:
Qhia koj cov ntawv tam sim no- ua haujlwm ua haujlwm kawg- mus rau - kawg.
Txheeb xyuas thiab sau txog rau lub rooj vag zoo saum toj no.
Xaiv cov cuab yeej ntsuas (CMM rau kev ua siab ntev, xiav -lub teeb lossis CT scan rau cov channel sab hauv).
Tsim cov qauv tsim qauv rau kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv, cua sov-cov ntaub ntawv kho mob, cov ntaub ntawv tshuaj xyuas, thiab tsis yog- ntawv ceeb toom ua raws.
Khiav thawj qhov kev tshuaj xyuas sab hauv ntawm tsib lub pwm tom ntej -ntxig txoj haujlwm thiab ntsuas tawm tsam cov ntsuas hauv Tshooj 3.
Ntau OEMs scaling lawv AM tooling cov kev pab cuam kuj koom Sunhingstones rau kev soj ntsuam cov neeg muag khoom thiab zoo -kev sab laj. Lub hom phiaj yog tib yam: tig ncej- ua tiav los ntawm qhov chaw them nqi mus rau kev sib tw kom zoo dua.
FAQ
Q1: Dab tsi ncej-kev ua cov hlau 3D luam ntawv txhaj tshuaj pwm xav tau?
Cov kab ke tag nrho yog: kev ntxhov siab-kev kho cua sov / kev kho cua sov → kev txhawb nqa kev tshem tawm → seem kuaj → nto tiav (blasting + polishing rau Ra) → conformal txias siab / leak test → kawg CMM / 3D scan + thawj- tsab ntawv ceeb toom. Txhua kauj ruam yuav tsum tau sau tseg.
Q2: Yuav ua li cas yog hlau 3D luam pwm inserts piv rau machined sawv daws yuav? Nrog rau txoj kev ua tau zoo, hlau AM inserts niaj hnub ua tiav ± 0.05 hli lossis zoo dua ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb - txuam lossis tshaj cov pa machining rau cov geometries nyuaj. Qhov txawv yog AM xa cov cua txias raws li cov tshuab ntxig tsis tuaj yeem.
Q3: Puas yog 3D luam ntawv zoo rau kev txhaj tshuaj pwm?
Yog - thaum muaj cov txheej txheem hlau 3D luam ntawv zoo tswj qhov chaw. Tooling nrog conformal cooling niaj hnub muab 30-50% ceev lub sij hawm voj voog thiab 100, 000+ cycles ntawm lub neej, deb outperforming ib txwm txoj kev ntawm complex qhov chaw.
Q4: Dab tsi yog qhov ua kom txias txias channel, thiab vim li cas thiaj tshaj tawm - kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb rau nws?
Conformal cooling channels ua raws li qhov tseeb contour ntawm cov kab noj hniav, tshem tawm cov cua sov kom zoo dua li ncaj nraim -drilled channels. Tshaj tawm - kev ua tiav (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txhawb nqa kev tshem tawm thiab kev kuaj xau) ua kom cov channel tseem qhib, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam, thiab siab- nruj; tej yam tsis xws ntawm no rhuav tshem qhov kev ua tau zoo.
Q5: Kuv yuav ua li cas thiaj paub yog tias kuv lub tuam txhab luam ntawv hlau 3D muaj cov txheej txheem zoo? Nug xya nqe lus nug hauv Tshooj 5. Tus neeg muag khoom uas muab cov ntaub ntawv tiav rau txhua lub rooj vag ua haujlwm tiag tiag; tsis paub tseeb los yog cov ntaub ntawv uas ploj lawm yog tus chij liab.
Q6: Cov ntawv pov thawj dab tsi yuav tsum muaj hlau 3D luam ntawv chaw tsim khoom tuav rau pwm tooling?
Nrhiav ISO 9001 lossis IATF 16949 (automotive), ntxiv rau kev ua raws li ASTM / ISO AM cov qauv (xws li ISO / ASTM 52904 rau cov ntaub ntawv txheej txheem). Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj rau ASTM A681 (H13) lossis sib npaug kuj tseem ceeb.
Cov ntaub ntawv
Wohlers Report 2024 - wohlers.com
Phau ntawv Journal of Manufacturing Processes: "Tshaj tawm- ua cov teebmeem ntawm AM tooling insert performance" (2023) - sciencedirect.com
ASTM International AM Center of Excellence - astm.org/amcoe
ISO/ASTM 52904: AM Cov Ntaub Ntawv Txheej Txheem Txheej Txheem - iso.org
ASTM A681 / DIN 1.2344: H13 Tool Steel Thaum tshav kub kub kho - astm.org
America Ua & ANSI AMSC Standardization Roadmap v2.0 - america-makes.us
ESTA (European Security Transport Association) - kev lag luam xa khoom ua raws kev hloov kho tshiab - esta.org
ResearchGate: "Conformal cooling channels in SLM pwm tooling: a review" - researchgate.net