Feem ntau thawj zaug - lub sijhawm cov neeg yuav khoom xav tias lub tshuab laser sintering nws tus kheej yog tus nqi loj tshaj plaws hauv cov hlau 3D luam ntawv. Lawv yuam kev lawm.
Rau ib qho txhuas txhuas alloy 3D luam tawm ib feem, tshaj tawm -kev ua haujlwm tuaj yeem suav txog 40-50% ntawm tag nrho cov nqi (Wohlers Report 2024). Cov kauj ruam luam ntawv tiag tiag feem ntau tsawg dua ib feem peb. Kab lus no muab rau koj ncaj ncees, cov ntaub ntawv- thim rov qab ntawm cov hlau 3D luam ntawv tag nrho cov nqi tawg, qhia cov hlau ntxiv tsim cov nqi zais, thiab qhia meej tias yog vim li cas aluminium alloy 3D luam ntawv nqa tus nqi tshwj xeeb. Koj tseem yuav pom tias ib tus neeg siv khoom siv qhov kev nkag siab no li cas los txiav lawv cov kev siv nyiaj tag nrho los ntawm 31%- thiab seb koj tuaj yeem ua li cas.
Qhov taw qhia tus nqi faib - Aluminium AM Part (ib chav tsev)
Lub sij hawm tsim lub tshuab: 32%
Tshaj tawm - ua tiav: 45%
Khoom siv: 14%
Tsim thiab teeb tsa: 9%
Cov neeg sawv cev ib leeg-cov ntaub ntawv qhia tawm - Wohlers 2024 / Fraunhofer IAPT 2022. Batch ntau lawm hloov cov ncej- ua haujlwm sib faib mus rau ~ 35–40%.
Kev rhuav tshem tag nrho cov nqi ntawm cov hlau 3D luam tawm ntu - tsis yog kev tsim
Tag nrho cov nqi ntawm cov hlau 3D luam ntawv yog ua los ntawm plaub lub thoob ntshiab. To taub lawv yog txoj kev ceev tshaj plaws kom tsis txhob them nyiaj ntau dhau.
Lub sij hawm tshuab / tsim nqi (laser teev, roj inert, tshuab depreciation) - qhov no yog ib feem ntawm txhua tus quotes ua ntej.
Khoom siv (hmoov nqi, tus nqi tshiab, thiab pov tseg) - kim dua li koj xav vim tias txhuas hmoov yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas kom tsis txhob muaj oxidation.
Tshaj tawm - kev ua tiav (cov saw hlau tag nrho los ntawm kev daws kev ntxhov siab mus rau qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam zaum kawg) - qhov no yog qhov nyiaj tiag ploj mus.
Tsim, teeb tsa & engineering (DfAM tshuaj xyuas, zes, kev txhawb nqa tsim) - feem ntau underestimated tab sis tseem ceeb rau kev vam meej.
Kev luam ntawv yog ceev. Kev xaus yog qhov twg lub moos tseem khiav. McKinsey (2023) tshaj tawm tias hauv kev lag luam hlau AM, tom qab- kev ua haujlwm ib leeg yog qhov nruab nrab ntawm 3–4 × lub sijhawm siv lub tshuab ua haujlwm hauv teev.
Aluminium alloy 3D luam ntawv nqi ib feem yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rhiab rau qhov kev sib cais. SLM txhuas qhov ua tiav cov nqi feem ntau dhau los ua cov khoom tseem ceeb thaum tsim tiav.
Vim li cas aluminium alloy 3D luam ntawv muaj siab dua - dua - nruab nrab tshaj tawm - kev faib tawm
Aluminium coj txawv ntawm titanium lossis stainless hlau hauvhlau 3D luam ntawv, thiab qhov sib txawv ntawd tshwm sim yuav luag tag nrho hauv kev tshaj tawm - ua tiav.
AlSi10Mg thiab Al7075 ob leeg thov kom muaj kev ntxhov siab meej- lub voj voog nyem. Tau qhov kub los yog txias tus nqi tsis ncaj ncees lawm thiab ib feem warps.
Aluminium lub ntuj oxide txheej cuam tshuam kev sib koom ua ke, sib khi, thiab txheej txheej ntau dua li lwm cov hlau.
Anodizing - ib qho kev ua tiav ntau heev rau 3D luam ntawv ntawm aluminium alloy accessories - yuav tsum tau nruj tswj qhov chaw npaj. Ra lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb tshaj qhov lawv ua nrog hlau.
Kev sib xyaw ntawm aluminium alloy thiab 3D tshuab luam ntawvtsim cov porosity saum npoo ntau dua li cov tsoos cam khwb cia txhuas, yog li cov chaw ua haujlwm xav tau kev saib xyuas ntxiv.
Thaum anodizing tau teev tseg - nws hloov pauv tus nqi sib npaug li cas
Anodizing ntxiv ib qho txiaj ntsig zoo vim tias qhov zoo li - luam tawm yuav tsum tau coj mus rau qhov sib luag Ra ua ntej cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem pib. Ib daim ntawv 2023 hauv Additive Manufacturing journal pom tias txhuas AM qhov chaw nrog cov kev ua haujlwm saum npoo yuav raug 25-35% siab dua ncej- cov nqi ua haujlwm ntau dua li qhov sib npaug titanium qhov chaw - txawm tias cov hmoov txhuas raw khoom nws tus kheej pheej yig dua.
Aluminium 3D luam ntawv anodizing nqi yog li ntawd dhau los ua ib qho yooj yim levers los rub ib zaug koj nkag siab cov cai.
Cov ntawv tshaj tawm - cov kauj ruam ua haujlwm uas raug nqi ntau tshaj - qeb
Ntawm no yog qhov ua tau zoo rau cov khoom siv txhuas AM:
CNC machining ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm (30-40% ntawm tag nrho cov ncej-tus nqi ua haujlwm) Qhov loj me thiab lub ntsej muag sib khi yuav tsum tau ua kom ua siab ntev. Cov kauj ruam no yog kev ua haujlwm siab heev- thiab tshuab- hnyav heev.
Kev ntxhov siab / kev kho cua sov nrog cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj lub voj voog yuav tsum tau ua rau txhua qhov kev ua haujlwm. Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntxiv tus nqi tab sis tsis yog - sib tham tau rau ntau qhov kev lag luam.
Nto tiav - blasting, polishing, anodizing Tus nqi sib txawv wildly nyob ntawm qhov tseeb Ra thiab tshuaj pleev ib ce spec koj xaiv.
Kev tshuaj xyuas - CMM lossis 3D scan Scales nrog ib feem tsis yooj yim dua li batch loj.
Txhawb kev tshem tawm thiab phau ntawv ntxuav feem ntau underestimated. Kev ua haujlwm siab heev- siv zog ntawm cov geometry nyuaj.
HIP (Kub Isostatic Pressing) Nqi ib lub voj voog tab sis amortises zoo thaum koj mus txog qhov nruab nrab.
Puas yog ncej- ua haujlwm kim hauv hlau AM? Yog - tab sis ib leeg loj tshaj plaws yog yuav luag txhua qhov tshwj xeeb, tsis yog tus txheej txheem nws tus kheej. Cov neeg yuav khoom uas dhau - qhia txog qhov ua tiav thiab kev ua siab ntev ntawm qhov tsis yog - qhov chaw tseem ceeb tau them nyiaj rau qhov tseeb lawv yuav tsis siv.
Txo hlau AM tag nrho cov nqi tsim khoom pib ntawm no.
Sunhingstones cov ntaub ntawv kawm: yuav ua li cas ib qho kev tsim khoom siv txhuas tau los ntawm tus nqi dhau los ua kom zoo dua
Ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob OEM tau txais3D luam ntawv ntawm aluminium alloy accessories- structural brackets thiab cua sov-dissipating npog - rau cov khoom tshiab.
Cov khoom lag luam yav dhau los tau tshaj tawm los ntawm kev tshaj tawm -kev ua haujlwm: daim iav- polish spec siv rau txhua qhov chaw, CMM tshuaj xyuas tus kheej ntawm txhua qhov, thiab tag nrho anodizing txawm tias tsis yog - pom sab hauv.
Raws li cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam aluminium alloy 3D luam ntawv, peb pab pawg engineering ntawm Sunhingstones tau tshuaj xyuas cov duab kos thiab pom tias 60% ntawm thaj chaw saum npoo tsis muaj qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau qib ntawm kev ua tiav. Peb tau thov ib qho kev hloov kho tshiab: Ra 1.6 ntawm cov qauv ntsej muag nkaus xwb, Ra 3.2 lwm qhov, batch CMM (1 rau 10 qhov chaw), thiab anodizing txwv rau sab nraud.
Qhov tshwm sim: 31% txo qis ntawm tag nrho cov nqi, thawj zaug - txiav txim lub sij hawm txiav los ntawm 11 hnub, thiab cov khoom zoo nkauj tsis hloov pauv rau cov neeg siv khoom kawg.
Rau kev ua raws li kev xa tawm, Sunhingstones tau muab tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv taug qab cov txheej txheem - nce ntxiv los ntawm European Security Transport Association (ESTA)- ua raws cov qauv kev yuav khoom rau hla - ciam teb cov khoom lag luam. Peb hlau 3D luam ntawv Hoobkas nyob rau hauv Suav teb muab cov lag luam wholesale txhuas 3D luam ntawv qhov chaw nrog ua tiav cov ntaub ntawv ua nyob rau hauv.
Tshaj tawm -kev ua haujlwm vs. nqi tshuab: koj yuav tsum sim txo qhov twg ua ntej?
Tau - ncej- kev ua haujlwm feem ntau yog tus nqi loj tshaj plaws hauv cov hlau AM.
Tab sis nws kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauvkojtswj. Tus nqi tshuab yog qhov ruaj khov los ntawm kev siv tshuab thiab cov khoom siv. Tshaj tawm - tus nqi ua haujlwm yog qhov ua haujlwm ncaj qha ntawm cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb uas koj tau teeb tsa.
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Qhov koj tuaj yeem sib tham ntawm tus nqi tshuab |
Dab tsi koj tuaj yeem tswj tau ntawm kev tshaj tawm - tus nqi ua haujlwm |
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Order ntim & batch nesting |
Finish specification (Ra tus nqi) |
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Khoom siv qib sib pauv |
Tolerance Scope (tseem ceeb vs. tsis yog- cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb) |
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Tsim kev taw qhia optimization |
Kev soj ntsuam qib (100% vs. batch sampling) |
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Batch loj (amortises teeb lub sij hawm) |
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Kev txhawb nqa tswv yim (DfAM cov tswv yim) |
Cov neeg yuav khoom ntse tshaj plaws tsis tsuas yog nug "Koj puas tuaj yeem luam qhov pheej yig dua?" Lawv nug: "Qhov twg hauv kev tshaj tawm- kev ua haujlwm spec peb tuaj yeem nrhiav tus nqi yam tsis muaj kev poob haujlwm?"
Fraunhofer IAPT (2022) pom tias txog li 60% ntawm kev tshaj tawm - tus nqi ua haujlwm hauv txhuas AM tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm kev tsim thiab kev txiav txim siab tshwj xeeb ua ntej thawj txheej txheej txheej.
Tsib txoj hauv kev los coj koj tag nrho cov hlau 3D luam ntawv nqi qis - pib hnub no
Daim ntawv qhia koj qhov yuav tsum tau ua saum npoo - tsis yog txhua lub ntsej muag xav tau tib qho kev ua tiav.
Nug koj tus neeg muag khoom rau DfAM tawm tswv yim ua ntej tsim kev taw qhia raug kaw.
Batch koj cov xaj xaj - tom qab- kev teeb tsa tus nqi amortises sai sai hla ntau qhov chaw.
Lo lus nug seb HIP puas yog daim ntawv thov tiag tiag - tseem ceeb lossis tsuas yog tus neeg xa khoom ua ntej.
Thov ib daim ntawv tsocai - ib lub npe nrov kev cai aluminium alloy 3D luam ntawv tus neeg muag khoom tuaj yeem rhuav tshem cov ncej- ua kab los ntawm kab.
Lub hom phiaj tsis yog tus nqi pheej yig tshaj - nws yog tus nqi zoo tshaj plaws rau qhov koj yuav tsum tau ua tiag tiag.
FAQ
Puas yog ncej- ua tiav qhov kim tshaj plaws ntawm cov hlau 3D luam ntawv?
Yog lawm. Rau ib qho txhuas qhov chaw nws feem ntau sawv cev rau 40-50% ntawm tag nrho cov nqi
Tshaj tawm ntau npaum li cas - kev ua haujlwm ntxiv rau tus nqi ntawm cov hlau 3D luam tawm?
Ntawm ib qho -unit khiav nws tuaj yeem ntxiv 40–50%. Hauv kev tsim khoom batch feem ntau poob rau 35-40% raws li kev teeb tsa cov nqi sib koom.
Vim li cas txhuas 3D luam ntawv kim heev kom tiav piv nrog lwm cov hlau? Aluminium lub ntuj oxide txheej, xav tau kom meej kev ntxhov siab nyem, thiab siab dua qhov porosity tom qab SLM tag nrho tsav cov txheej txheem tiav ntxiv - tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum yuav tsum tau anodizing.
Yuav ua li cas ua ke ntawm aluminium alloy thiab 3D tshuab luam ntawv piv rau CNC ntawm tus nqi?
Rau qhov nyuaj, qis-rau- nruab nrab ntim geometry nrog cov yam ntxwv sab hauv, hlau 3D luam ntawv feem ntau pheej yig dua CNC. Qhov kev tawg-txawm qhov taw tes nyob ntawm qhov nyuaj ntawm ib feem thiab tom qab- cov txheej txheem ua tiav.
Cov ncej dab tsi - ua 3D luam tawm cov khoom siv txhuas feem ntau xav tau?
Kev ntxhov siab / kev kho cua sov, kev txhawb nqa kev tshem tawm, nto tiav (blasting / polishing / anodizing), thiab tshuaj xyuas (CMM lossis 3D scan).
Yuav ua li cas kuv thiaj li tau txais cov nqe lus pheej yig dua rau hlau 3D luam ntawv yam tsis poob zoo?
Ua raws li tsib kauj ruam ua tau zoo saum toj no thiab ib txwm thov kom muaj kev sib cais tag nrho. Cov nyiaj khaws cia yuav luag ib txwm los ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntse dua li txiav cov ces kaum ntawm qhov tsim.
Cov ntaub ntawv
Wohlers Report 2024 - wohlers.com
McKinsey & Lub Tuam Txhab: "Additive Manufacturing: The Next Revolution in Industrial Manufacturing" (2023) - mckinsey.com
Fraunhofer IAPT: "Cov Qauv Nqis hauv Hlau Additive Manufacturing" (2022) - iapt.fraunhofer.de
Additive Manufacturing Journal: "Tshaj tawm{0}}kev sib piv cov nqi sib piv thoob hlau AM cov ntaub ntawv" (2023) - sciencedirect.com/journal/additive-manufacturing
ISO/ASTM 52904: Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ntxiv Cov ntaub ntawv - iso.org
ASTM B209: Txuj Specification rau Aluminium thiab Aluminium -Alloy Sheet thiab Phaj - astm.org
America Ua & ANSI AMSC AM Standardization Roadmap v2.0 - america-makes.us
European Security Transport Association (ESTA): hla- ciam teb kev lag luam xa khoom ua raws kev hloov kho tshiab - esta-cash.eu