Dab tsi yog qhov zoo ntawm HIP ua hauv kev tshaj tawm - ua cov hlau 3D luam ntawv?

1. Tshem tawm ntawm qhov tsis xws luag: mus ntawm "porosity" mus rau "zero defects"
Tsis yog-kev sib npaug sib npaug tsim los ntawm kev ua kom txias sai tuaj yeem tsim cov qhov me me thaum lub sij hawm hlau 3D luam ntawv. Ntawm qhov tod tes, sib cais cov qauv kev txhawb nqa lossis tsis ua tiav cov hmoov yaj tuaj yeem ua rau macroscopic shrinkage. Cov kev tsis zoo no yuav ua rau cov kab tawg pib, uas ua rau lub cev qaug zog heev. HIP thev naus laus zis kho qhov tsis xws luag los ntawm kev siv cov hauv qab no:
Kaw qhov pores thiab sib txuas cov hlau
Thaum cov ntaub ntawv hlau raug rhuab mus rau qhov kub siab (feem ntau 0.5 mus rau 0.8 npaug ntawm cov ntsiab lus melting ntawm cov khoom) thiab muab tso rau hauv lub siab ntau (100 txog 200 MPa), lawv ua tau zoo heev. Gas siab ua rau cov hlau nyob ib ncig ntawm lub qhov hws hloov cov duab, ua kev sib cuag nrog ib leeg thiab tsim metallurgical bonds. Qhov no ua rau lub pore ntim txo kom txog thaum nws ploj mus. Piv txwv li, tom qab kev kho HIP, qhov porosity ntawm IN718 siab -kub alloy tsim siv cov txheej txheem SLM mus ntawm 0.8% mus rau 0.02%, uas ua rau nws 99.99% ntom, uas yog qhov kev lag luam aerospace xav tau kom cov ntaub ntawv ntseeg tau.
Kho ntawm microcracks
Thermal stress nyob rau hauv hlau 3D luam ntawv tuaj yeem ua rau microcracks tshwm sim. Lub siab -kub annealing kev txiav txim ntawm HIP kev kho mob tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab seem, thiab qhov siab - ib puag ncig siab ua rau cov pob txha taub hau khoov plastically, uas kaw qhov tawg thiab ua rau cov qoob loo ruaj khov. Kev sim cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau hais tias kev kho HIP tuaj yeem txo qis qhov ntom ntom ntawm 316L stainless hlau los ntawm 90% thiab txhim kho cov pob txha toughness los ntawm 30%.
Refining cov nplej thiab ua rau lub microstructure zoo ib yam
Lub siab - txheej txheem kub ntawm HIP yog tib yam li kev kho mob annealing, uas tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov qauv qis lossis theem metastable uas tsim thaum SLM txias sai. Tom qab kev kho HIP, piv txwv li, coarse columnar crystals ntawm Ti6Al4V alloy hloov mus rau hauv zoo equiaxed crystals, thiab grain loj mus ntawm 50 μm mus rau 10 μm. Qhov no ua rau cov khoom siv tau yooj yim dua thiab tiv taus kev qaug zog.
2. Ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo dua qub: nrhiav qhov sib npaug ntawm lub zog thiab tawv
Kev ua HIP muaj ob qhov cuam tshuam rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hlau 3D luam tawm:
Lub zog thiab plasticity mus zoo ua ke.
Lub zog ntawm cov khoom yuav poob qis me ntsis (feem ntau los ntawm 5% mus rau 15%) tom qab kev kho HIP, tab sis nws cov ntsuas plasticity, zoo li elongation, nce ntau. Piv txwv li, tom qab kev kho HIP, lub zog tensile ntawm AlSi10Mg aluminium alloy tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem SLM tau nqis los ntawm 420MPa mus rau 380MPa, tab sis qhov elongation tau nce los ntawm 8% mus rau 15%, uas yog qhov zoo rau lub teeb yuag qhov chaw hauv tsheb.
Ib qho kev txhim kho tseem ceeb hauv kev qaug zog tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm
Lub ntsiab yog vim li cas rau qaug zog tawg loj hlob yog internal flaws. Los ntawm kev tshem tawm ntawm pores thiab microcracks, HIP kev kho mob ua rau kom lub neej qaug zog ntawm qhov chaw. Piv txwv li, qhov siab -kub qaug zog lub neej ntawm IN718 alloy kho nrog HIP ntawm 650℃thiab 690MPa tau ploj mus los ntawm 50 teev yam tsis tau kho rau 173 teev. Qhov no ua tau raws li lub neej xav tau ntawm GE aircraft cav rau qhov tseem ceeb.
Anisotropic tshem tawm
Lub interlayer bonding zoo ntawm hlau 3D luam ntawv tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv sib txawv ntawm cov lus qhia sib txawv. Cov khoom siv ua haujlwm zoo ib yam hauv txhua qhov kev qhia thaum nws raug kho nrog HIP, uas siv 360℃ntawm lub siab tsis sib xws. Piv txwv li, qhov sib txawv ntawm radial thiab axial kev sib txhuam coefficients ntawm silicon nitride ceramic pob kho nrog HIP yog tsawg dua 5%, uas yog qhov zoo dua li cov txheej txheem sintering.
3. Kev nthuav dav ntawm daim ntawv thov: Mus los ntawm "Muaj" mus rau "Reliable"
Kev ua HIP pab nrog rau sab kev siv hlau 3D luam ntawv thev naus laus zis ntawm qhov dav dav hauv cov teb uas nws xav tau zoo.
Aerospace sector
Turbine blades, combustion chambers, thiab lwm qhov chaw ntawm lub tshuab dav hlau yuav tsum muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas muaj qhov kub thiab txias, kev kub ntxhov, thiab kev ntxhov siab. Kev kho HIP tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab thermal uas tshwm sim thaum cov txheej txheem SLM txias sai heev, thiab nws tseem tuaj yeem ua kom cov ntaub ntawv zoo dua ntawm qhov kub siab - kub nkag. Rolls Royce, piv txwv li, siv HIP-kho npib tsib xee-raws li siab-kub alloy turbine discs uas nce qhov kev khiav hauj lwm kub ntawm 1200 mus rau 1400 degrees Celsius thiab lub thrust- rau- luj piv los ntawm 20%.
Field of Medical implants
Orthopedic implants yuav tsum muaj zog thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb rau lub cev. Kev kho HIP tuaj yeem tshem tawm ntawm alpha theem kev sib cais hauv Ti6Al4V alloy, txo txoj hauv kev ntawm cov hlau ions tawm, thiab ua rau cov khoom siv ntev dua hauv kev ntxhov siab. Cov pov thawj kho mob qhia tau hais tias qhov ua tsis tiav ntawm kev cog qoob loo ntawm lub duav raug rau HIP tau ploj zuj zus los ntawm 3% mus rau 0.5% tom qab kaum xyoo.
Lub zog thiab shipping kev lag luam
Qhov chaw xws li nuclear reactor siab hlab ntsha thiab sib sib zog nqus- hiav txwv sensor enclosures yuav tsum muaj peev xwm ua tau hnyav heev. HIP-kho zirconia ceramic tuaj yeem ua haujlwm siab ntawm 110MPa hauv hiav txwv tob, thiab silicon carbide-coated roj caij tuaj yeem nyob ruaj khov ntawm qhov kub ntawm 1200 degree. Cov ntaub ntawv no tseem ceeb heev rau tiam thib plaub ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob nuclear.