SLS 3D luam ntawv yog dab tsi?

SLS 3D luam ntawv yog ib txoj kev luam ntawv 3D raws li kev xaiv laser sintering tshuab. Raws li ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis ua ntej tshaj plaws kom ua tiav daim ntawv thov kev lag luam hauv kev lag luam, SLS tau ntev tuav txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim qauv sai thiab ua haujlwm me me -batch ntau lawm vim nws qhov zoo ntawm tsis tas yuav tsum muaj cov qauv kev txhawb nqa, cov khoom siv dav dav, thiab kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov. Cov hauv qab no yog cov lus piav qhia ntxaws ntawm SLS 3D luam ntawv:

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm ntawm SLS 3D luam ntawv tso siab rau infrared lasers rau sinter hmoov ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Thaum lub sij hawm luam ntawv, muaj ib tug li -hu ua "txaj" uas ib tug menyuam kis tau ib tug nyias txheej ntawm hmoov, uas yog ces sintered raws li cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg hlais los ntawm ib tug 3D qauv ntaub ntawv (xws li ib tug .stl ntaub ntawv, feem ntau yog los ntawm CAD los yog lwm yam software tsim). Lub laser beam scans cov hmoov txheej nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev predetermined, ua rau cov hmoov hais kom sib sau ua ke nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm laser thiab tsim cov yam xav tau. Tom qab ntawd, lub platform nqis los ntawm qhov nce me me, thiab cov txheej txheem rov ua dua kom txog thaum txheej txheej kawg tsim. Thaum kawg, tus qauv yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm los ntawm cov hmoov tsis muaj sintered thiab raug xa mus rau kev tshaj tawm - ua, xws li sandblasting, kom tau txais cov ntawv luam tawm tiav.

Txhawm rau kom nkag siab cov ntsiab lus ua haujlwm no kom tob dua, tag nrho cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem raug faib ua ob peb theem tseem ceeb - theem. Ua ntej yog lub preheating theem: ua ntej luam ntawv pib, lub tsev chamber yog rhuab mus rau ib tug kub nyob ze tab sis me ntsis hauv qab ntawm cov khoom melting point (rau nylon 12 cov ntaub ntawv, lub preheating kub yog feem ntau tswj nyob ib ncig ntawm 170-180 degree). Lub hom phiaj yog los txo qhov kub thiab txias gradient ntawm cheeb tsam hauv cheeb tsam raug sintered los ntawm lub laser thiab cov cheeb tsam ib puag ncig, yog li txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm warping thiab deformation los ntawm qhov tsis sib xws thermal stress. Tom ntej no yog cov hmoov- kis theem, nyob rau hauv uas ib tug roller los yog recoater hniav uniformly kis tau hmoov mus rau lub tsim platform. Txheej thickness feem ntau yog tswj ntawm 0.06 thiab 0.12 hli; thinner khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg feem ntau yield ntau dua txoj kev raug thiab nto zoo, tab sis correspondingly nce lub sij hawm luam ntawv. Nyob rau hauv lub laser scanning theem, cov cuab yeej ua raws li txoj kev cov ntaub ntawv tsim los ntawm cov slicing software, ua ntej ua zoo scanning ntawm lub contour ciam teb thiab ces sau cov cheeb tsam sab hauv. Qhov no "contour- ua ntej, tom qab ntawd sau" lub tswv yim scanning pab txhim kho qhov tseeb qhov tseeb ntawm qhov chaw. Tsis tas li ntawd, vim hais tias tag nrho cov tsev tsim tau khaws cia nyob rau hauv qhov kub siab - ib puag ncig thiab feem ntau yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm cov roj inert xws li nitrogen los tiv thaiv oxidation ntawm cov hmoov khoom ntawm qhov kub siab, cov ntawv luam tawm feem ntau yuav tsum tau txias ib txwm nyob rau hauv lub chamber rau ob peb teev lossis ntev dua ua ntej lawv tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm rau kev ua haujlwm tom ntej. Cov txheej txheem cua txias no tseem muaj qhov tsis zoo - cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv kho tshuab kawg ntawm cov khoom.

Tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa cov qauv tsim nyog: Piv nrog 3D luam ntawv thev naus laus zis xws li FDM, SLS 3D luam ntawv tsis tas yuav muaj cov qauv kev txhawb nqa thaum luam tawm qauv nrog cov duab geometry nyuaj. Qhov no yog vim tias cov khoom siv hmoov tuaj yeem tsim cov duab xav tau thaum lub sij hawm laser sintering yam tsis tas yuav muaj kev txhawb nqa ntxiv.

Cov khoom sib txawv: SLS 3D luam ntawv tuaj yeem siv ntau yam ntaub ntawv, suav nrog cov hmoov hlau, polyamides (xws li nylon 12 hmoov), thiab thermoplastic polyurethane. Cov ntaub ntawv no tuaj yeem raug xaiv raws li cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb kom ua tiav cov khoom siv tshuab uas xav tau.

Zero-khoom siv thev naus laus zis: SLS 3D luam ntawv yog xoom- thev naus laus zis pov tseg vim tias cov hmoov tsis muaj sintered tuaj yeem rov siv dua. Qhov no txo ​​cov nqi khoom siv thiab txo qhov cuam tshuam ib puag ncig.

Ntxiv rau peb qhov zoo tshaj plaws saum toj no, SLS 3D luam ntawv kuj qhia txog cov txiaj ntsig ntxiv hauv qab no hauv cov ntawv thov tsim khoom tiag tiag:

Cov khoom siv zoo heev thiab isotropy: Vim tias cov hmoov hmoov tag nrho yaj thiab tsim cov ntawv cog lus metallurgical nyob rau hauv kev ua laser thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov txheej txheem, cov khoom siv ntawm SLS- cov khoom luam tawm yog ze rau isotropic dua li ntawm qee cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ntxiv (xws li FDM). Ntawd yog, kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub zog ntawm ib feem yog sib npaug ntawm cov lus qhia sib txawv, tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus tsis muaj zog ntawm cov khoom siv los ntawm kev sib txawv luam ntawv. Qhov no ua rau SLS qhov chaw zoo dua rau cov khoom siv ua haujlwm uas yuav tsum tau tiv taus qee yam khoom.

Kev ua haujlwm zoo batch nesting luam ntawv muaj peev xwm: Vim tias cov hmoov tsis muaj sintered nws tus kheej ua haujlwm raws li kev txhawb nqa thaum lub sijhawm luam ntawv, SLS cov cuab yeej tuaj yeem ua zes thiab teeb tsa ntau qhov chaw hauv peb - qhov chaw seem ntawm lub tsev tsim, siv tag nrho cov chamber ntim thiab yog li txhim kho kev tsim khoom ntawm ib txoj haujlwm luam tawm. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb hauv me me -batch production scenarios.

Muaj peev xwm rov tsim dua cov qauv tsim thiab cov ntsiab lus zoo: Tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov yam ntxwv uas tsis tas yuav tsum muaj cov qauv kev txhawb nqa, SLS thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem yooj yim paub txog kev luam ntawv ntawm nyias -cov qauv phab ntsa, cov kab noj hniav sab hauv, cov kab noj hniav nyob, thiab txawm tias cov txheej txheem sib txuas uas tuaj yeem sib dhos ncaj qha. Cov txheej txheem nyuaj no feem ntau xav tau ntau yam txheej txheem los yog yuav ua tsis tau kom ua tiav nrog cov txheej txheem machining.

Qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw zoo thiab tom qab- kev hloov kho tau yooj yim: SLS- cov khoom luam tawm feem ntau nthuav tawm me ntsis granular matte nto. Qhov kev ntxhib los mos ntawm qhov chaw no yog qhov tsim nyog rau ntau yam kev tshaj tawm - txheej txheem txheej txheem xws li sandblasting, dyeing, thiab pleev xim, muab kev ua haujlwm zoo rau kev ua kom zoo nkauj thiab ua kom muaj zog ntawm cov khoom.

Ntxiv rau polyamide (nylon) series cov ntaub ntawv, SLS thev naus laus zis tau tsim cov khoom siv nplua nuj kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm cov ntawv thov sib txawv.

Nylon 12 (PA12): Tam sim no yog cov khoom siv SLS uas siv dav tshaj plaws, nws muaj cov khoom siv kho tshuab zoo, tshuaj lom neeg, thiab qhov ruaj khov, thiab tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov qauv kev ua haujlwm thiab qhov kawg - siv cov khoom.

Nylon 11 (PA11): Piv nrog nylon 12, nws muaj zog dua thiab ductility, ua rau nws tshwj xeeb tshaj yog haum rau daim ntawv thov scenarios uas yuav tsum tiv taus tej yam dabtsi yog khoov thiab cuam tshuam loads, xws li snap- haum qauv thiab nyob hinges.

iav-fiber / carbon-fiber reinforced nylon: Los ntawm kev ntxiv iav -fiber los yog carbon-fiber fillers rau nylon matrix, lub rigidity thiab siab -kub tsis kam ntawm cov khoom yuav ua tau zoo dua, ua rau nws haum rau industrial qhov chaw nrog ntau zog structural xav tau.

Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU): Raws li cov khoom siv tau yooj yim, TPU hmoov tom qab sintering tuaj yeem pom cov roj hmab-zoo li elasticity thiab yooj, thiab yog siv dav hauv cov xwm txheej uas xav tau elastic deformation, xws li khau midsoles, seals, thiab cushioning pads.

Cov hmoov hlau (qee yam khoom siv SLS thiab cov txheej txheem derivative): Qee cov txheej txheem sintering xaiv rau cov ntaub ntawv hlau tuaj yeem ua cov hlau tsis muaj steel, titanium alloy, thiab lwm cov hmoov hlau los tsim cov hlau ua haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv feem ntau yuav tsum tau tom qab infiltration lossis sintering densification kev kho mob thiab txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb hlau laser melting (SLM).

Kev tshawb fawb kev kawm: SLS 3D tshuab luam ntawv tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev tshawb fawb kev kawm los pab cov kws tshawb fawb sai tsim cov qauv rau kev sim thiab kev sim.

Prototyping nrawm: Hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, SLS 3D luam ntawv tuaj yeem tsim cov qauv tsim khoom sai sai rau cov neeg tsim qauv thiab cov kws tsim qauv los ntsuas thiab txhim kho.

Cov khoom me me -batch ntau lawm: SLS 3D tshuab luam ntawv kuj yog tsim rau me me -batch ntau lawm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov khoom uas yuav tsum tau customization los yog complex geometries.

Tshaj li peb qhov kev thov loj tshaj plaws saum toj no, kev siv cov teeb meem ntawm SLS 3D luam ntawv hauv kev lag luam tshwj xeeb tau dhau los ua ntau dua. Hauv thaj chaw aerospace, SLS thev naus laus zis feem ntau yog siv los tsim cov khoom siv dav hlau sab hauv, duct brackets, thiab cov cuab yeej siv lub teeb hnyav rau kev sim hauv av; Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo heev thiab qhov ntom ntom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nylon ua rau lawv qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws hauv lub npe no. Hauv kev kho mob thiab kev noj qab haus huv, SLS thev naus laus zis tau siv dav rau kev tsim cov khoom siv orthotic customized, cov khoom siv prosthetic, thiab cov lus qhia kev phais; nws txoj kev txhawb nqa- cov yam ntxwv pub dawb pub rau cov qauv tsim qauv yooj yim uas ua raws li tib neeg cov qauv anatomical kom pom tau yooj yim. Hauv cov neeg siv khoom lag luam, cov khoom lag luam xws li cov iav tsom iav, cov iav tiv thaiv kev ua kis las, thiab cov khoom siv ntawm tus kheej tau nce zuj zus hauv cov khoom me me lossis daim ntawv kho kom haum siv SLS thev naus laus zis, ntsuas tus kheej tsim kev nthuav qhia nrog kev lag luam ntau lawm. Hauv kev lag luam kev lag luam, SLS thev naus laus zis kuj tseem siv los tsim cov jigs, fixtures, thiab lwm yam kev tsim khoom- pab cuab yeej, pab cov lag luam ua tiav cov kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm ntau lawm- kab cuab yeej ntawm tus nqi qis thiab luv luv.

Ntawm ntau cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ntxiv, SLS thev naus laus zis muaj cov yam ntxwv sib txawv piv nrog cov thev naus laus zis xws li FDM (fused deposition modeling) thiab SLA (stereolithography). FDM thev naus laus zis nta cov cuab yeej siv qis thiab kev ua haujlwm yooj yim, tab sis feem ntau xav tau cov khoom txhawb nqa ntxiv thaum luam ntawv cov txheej txheem overhanging complex, thiab cov interlayer bonding lub zog ntawm cov khoom yog qhov tsis muaj zog, nrog ntau tshaj tawm anisotropy. SLA thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov ua tiav siab heev thiab ua tiav qhov tseeb, tab sis kev ua haujlwm ntev thiab ntev - lub sij hawm ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom siv photosensitive resin nws siv feem ntau qis dua cov ntaub ntawv nylon siv hauv SLS, thiab nws kuj xav tau cov qauv kev txhawb nqa los pab tsim. Hauv qhov sib piv, qhov zoo ntawm SLS thev naus laus zis hauv kev xav tau tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa, cov khoom sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv kho tshuab, thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo batch nesting printing muab nws qhov kev sib tw tshwj xeeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ua qauv pov thawj thiab me me -batch kawg- siv ib feem ntau lawm.

Txawm hais tias SLS 3D tshuab luam ntawv muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws, qee qhov kev sib tw uas tseem yuav tsum tau kov yeej tseem muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov. Ua ntej, cov khoom siv tau txais cov nqi thiab cov nqi khiav lag luam yog qhov siab; tus nqi ntawm kev lag luam -qib SLS cov cuab yeej feem ntau yog siab dua li ntawm lub desktop-theem FDM lossis SLA cov cuab yeej, thiab kev noj cov hmoov av tsis tu ncua thiab cov pa roj tsis zoo xws li nitrogen kuj yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv nyiaj. Qhov thib ob, cov khoom luam tawm feem ntau pom muaj qee qhov ntawm granularity thiab porosity ntawm qhov chaw; yog tias yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav qhov siab heev, kev tshaj tawm ntxiv - cov kauj ruam ua haujlwm xws li polishing thiab impregnation sealing feem ntau tsim nyog. Tsis tas li ntawd, txawm hais tias cov hmoov rov siv dua txo cov khoom pov tseg, qhov ntws thiab crystallinity ntawm cov hmoov rov ua dua tshiab tuaj yeem hloov pauv, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom luam tawm los ntawm cov khoom siv tshiab thiab siv hmoov. Yog li ntawd, cov tuam txhab tsim khoom thiab cov neeg siv khoom feem ntau yuav tsum tsim kom muaj cov hmoov sib tov nruj thiab kev tswj xyuas tshwj xeeb kom ntseeg tau cov khoom lag luam zoo ntawm cov khoom siv.

Qhov tseeb muaj peev xwm ntawm SLS 3D tshuab luam ntawv yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv tshiab nrog cov yam ntxwv zoo. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv kev tshawb fawb txuas ntxiv txhim kho, ntau cov ntaub ntawv tshiab nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb (xws li hluav taws xob conductivity, kub tsis kam, thiab dej tsis kam) yuav siv rau hauv SLS 3D luam ntawv yav tom ntej. Tsis tas li ntawd, nrog kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis txuas ntxiv thiab txo tus nqi, SLS 3D luam ntawv yuav tsum tau siv dav hauv ntau thaj chaw thiab dhau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov cuab yeej tsim khoom yav tom ntej.

Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm cov cuab yeej siv thev naus laus zis hloov zuj zus, kev qhia txog ntau yam - laser parallel scanning tshuab yog maj mam ua kom luv rau ib qho -ib feem luam ntawv lub voj voog ntawm SLS cov cuab yeej, ntxiv kev txhim kho nws txoj kev lag luam hauv nruab nrab -batch ntau lawm scenarios. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev txawj ntse txawj ntse thiab tshuab kev kawm thev naus laus zis tau pib siv rau kev ua kom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev luam ntawv tsis zoo thiab tiag - lub sijhawm saib xyuas cov txheej txheem tsim. Los ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv ntawm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb xws li thaj chaw kub thiab lub zog hluav taws xob laser, qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tsis xws li warping thiab porosity raug txo kom zoo, thiab qhov sib xws ntawm cov khoom lag luam tawm los yog txhim kho. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv innovation, ntxiv rau cov uas twb muaj lawm engineering plastics systems, tshiab hmoov cov ntaub ntawv nrog nplaim taws - retardant zog, biocompatibility, thiab degradable yam ntxwv kuj nyob rau hauv tas mus li txoj kev loj hlob. Qhov no yuav nthuav dav ntxiv cov ciam teb ntawm SLS thev naus laus zis hauv thaj chaw xws li kev kho mob thiab cov khoom siv uas muaj cov cai tshwj xeeb rau cov khoom siv. Tsis tas li ntawd, raws li cov hmoov rov qab thiab cov thev naus laus zis rov ua dua tshiab, tag nrho cov nqi tsim khoom ntawm SLS 3D luam ntawv yuav tsum tau qis zuj zus ntxiv, yog li ua rau nws cov txiaj ntsig zoo dua li cov txheej txheem txhaj tshuaj molding nyob rau hauv nruab nrab - thiab me -batch production domains txawm ntau pronounced.

Hauv cov ntsiab lus, SLS 3D luam ntawv yog ib qho kev tshaj lij 3D luam ntawv raws li kev xaiv laser sintering tshuab. Nws muaj qhov zoo xws li tsis xav tau cov qauv kev txhawb nqa, kev sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv, thiab xoom- cov yam ntxwv khib nyiab, thiab tau siv dav hauv kev tshawb fawb kev kawm, kev tsim qauv sai, thiab cov khoom me me -batch ntau lawm. Nrog kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis tsis tu ncua thiab cov khoom siv tshiab, SLS 3D luam ntawv yuav tsum ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntau qhov chaw.

Rau cov tuam txhab uas cia siab tias yuav ua tiav qhov kev tshuaj xyuas sai sai thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom lag luam, lossis nrhiav kev daws teeb meem ntsuas tus nqi thiab kev ua tau zoo hauv cov khoom me me -batch thiab customized ntau lawm, kev nkag siab tob thiab kev siv lub ntsiab lus ntawm SLS 3D luam ntawv thev naus laus zis yuav pab tsim kom muaj peev xwm tsim tau yooj yim dua hauv kev sib tw ua lag luam.