Tau ntau xyoo, aerospace tau raug pov thawj tias yog ib qho ntawm cov ntawv thov loj tshaj plaws rau 3D luam ntawv thoob ntiaj teb. Ntau yam, cov khoom me me, thiab cov txheej txheem nyuaj yog cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm aerospace. Cov kev xav tau ceev ceev rau lub teeb yuag, tus nqi qis, thiab kev loj hlob sai yog qhov sib xws nrog cov yam ntxwv ntawm 3D luam ntawv, xws li qib siab ntawm kev ywj pheej thiab nrawm molding. Qee lub tuam txhab tsim dav hlau tseem tuaj yeem siv sijhawm luv luv los kho lawv lub dav hlau, tsim cov khoom lag luam digital los tswj cov dav hlau laus, thiab siv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tsim los tsim cov tiam tom ntej ntawm aircraft. Piv txwv li, kuv lub teb chaws lub domestically tsim C919 loj aircraft yog tsim thiab sim-tsim los ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm 3D luam ntawv technologies.
Cia wb mus saib seb yog vim li cas kev lag luam aviation siv 3D luam ntawv thiab saib seb cov txiaj ntsig zoo li cas tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov dav hlau:
Kev sib xyaw ua ke
Lub weakest point nyob rau hauv ib feem los ua ke yog qhov uas nws yog assembled. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub dav hlau, xws li ib tug tsis muaj zog yuav ua tau ib tug tseem ceeb point ntawm tsis ua hauj lwm, ua phem rau tib neeg lub neej.
Los ntawm kev koom ua ke ntau yam ntawm ib feem rau hauv ib qho kev tsim 3D-luam tawm, tus naj npawb ntawm cov ntsiab lus sib dhos yuav tsum raug txo. Qhov tshwj xeeb geometries ua tau los ntawm 3D luam ntawv tuaj yeem txo qhov uas ib txwm muaj kaum lossis ntau pua qhov chaw rau ob peb - lossis ib feem. Tsis muaj vuam, riveting, los yog lwm yam fasteners yuav tsum tau tuav cov khoom ua ke, tsis tsuas yog kev sib dhos txo tab sis kuj txo cov ntsiab lus tsis ua hauj lwm.
Cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke ntau dua, qhov nyiaj txuag ntau dua. Yog tias qee qhov chaw raug kho tom qab sib dhos, qhov no yuav yog lub sijhawm los koom ua ke cov qauv tsim. Complexity feem ntau pub dawb hauv kev tsim khoom ntxiv, thiab qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws siv qhov axiom no ntau li ntau tau. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sib koom ua ke feem ntau suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
Txo kev sib dhos: Qhov no suav nrog txo kev ua haujlwm, cov khoom muag, jigs / cov cuab yeej, thiab kev tsim hneev taw rau cov khoom kawg. Kev tshuaj xyuas los ua ke kuj raug txo kom tsawg, txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev sib dhos yuam kev.
Tsawg dua cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua tsis tiav: cov nqi tu ncua ntev raug txo thiab cov khoom muag ntawm cov khoom hloov pauv tuaj yeem txo. Kev hloov pauv me me tuaj yeem ua tau sai thiab raug nqi yog tias xav tau.
Txo cov nqi khiav lag luam: Ua tsaug rau kev tsim khoom ntxiv, kev ua kom zoo ib feem los ntawm kev tsim kev ywj pheej txhim kho cov khoom lag luam, ua kom muaj kev txhim kho xws li qhov hnyav txo thiab ua haujlwm zoo dua thermal.
Lhnyav
Rau cov khoom siv hauv kev ya davhlau, "grams yog kub", thiab txhua kilogram ntawm qhov hnyav poob tuaj yeem txuag tau ntau pua txhiab yuan hauv cov nqi. Cov khoom sib dua txhais tau tias tsawg dua roj, uas tsis tsuas yog txo cov pa roj carbon hneev taw ntawm kev ya xwb tab sis kuj txo cov nqi ya.
3D luam ntawv txuas ntxiv rau kev tsim kho tshiab raws li cov khoom siv tsim khoom. Nyob rau hauv tib qhov chaw, 3D luam ntawv cov ntaub ntawv formulations nrog kev ua tau zoo dua yog siv los tsim cov khoom sib dua zaum kawg. Ua ke nrog cov qauv teeb pom kev zoo xws li kev sib koom ua ke, 3D luam ntawv topology optimization, thiab cov txheej txheem lattice, nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov qauv tsim ntawm lub dav hlau, ua rau nws ua haujlwm ntau ntom ntom.
Txhim khu kev ywj pheej tsim
Muaj coob tus neeg ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv additive manufacturing nyiam thov hais tias cov cuab yeej muaj zoo "tsim kev ywj pheej" vim hais tias thawj zaug, complex geometry uas tsis tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm lwm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tuaj yeem ua tiav.
Yav dhau los, cov khoom siv nrog cov qauv tsim tau yooj yim heev los yog kim heev rau kev tsim khoom, lossis tsis tuaj yeem tsim tau txhua. Siv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ntxiv, cov khoom siv hlau ua ob lossis peb-dimensional tuaj yeem ua tau yooj yim, thiab qhov no yog txoj hauv kev siv tau rau kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw uas muaj cov khoom thiab cov khoom mesh.
Cov qauv tsim xws li topology optimization thiab generative tsim tau zoo pab 3D luam ntawv los tsim cov duab tshiab uas tsis tau xav txog ua ntej. Cov txheej txheem lattice no tsis tsuas yog txuag qhov hnyav los ntawm kev sib xyaw cov khoom siv xwb tab sis kuj tseem muaj zog dua li cov qauv tsim. Txawm hais tias qee qhov kev txwv tseem muaj nyob thiab yuav txawv nyob ntawm cov txheej txheem luam ntawv 3D thiab cov ntaub ntawv siv, cov kev txwv no muaj ntau txoj hauv kev tsis tshua muaj hnyav dua li qhov pom hauv cov txheej txheem kev tsim khoom ib txwm muaj. Tshiab sab hauv thiab sab nrauv dav hlau qhov chaw tuaj yeem tsim los hloov cov khoom qub qub, thiab cov qauv tsim kom yooj yim dua ntxiv rau kev ua haujlwm siab.
Rapid Prototyping Iteration
Lub npe ntawm tus thawj siv ntawm 3D luam ntawv yog ceev prototyping. Los ntawm cov tswv yim kos duab rau CAD tsim rau thawj tus qauv - tom qab ntawd thib ob, thib peb, thiab lwm yam - 3D luam ntawv nrawm rau lub sijhawm-rau-kev ua lag luam rau cov khoom tshiab. Nws yuav siv li ib nrab xyoo los ntawm kev tsim los tsim cov turbine hniav nrog cov cuab yeej siv niaj hnub, tab sis nws yuav siv li ib nrab xyoo los ua pwm. Txawm li cas los xij, siv 3D luam ntawv thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem ua tiav nrawm nrawm thiab rov ua dua nyob rau hnub lossis lub lis piam.
Me batch ntau lawm
Hauv kev lag luam aerospace, tsawg tsawg lub dav hlau tau tsim nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm tag nrho cov khoom piv rau kev tsim tsheb lossis khoom siv hluav taws xob.
High-value, low-volume ntau lawm yog zoo haum rau 3D luam ntawv. Txawm hais tias ntau cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ib txwm xav tau cov cuab yeej kim thiab pwm yuav tsum tau ua, tsim kev lag luam ntawm nplai rau ntau lawm, kev tsim khoom ntxiv tshem tawm qhov xav tau pwm. Ib lossis ob peb daim tuaj yeem ua rau ib lub sijhawm - suav nrog cov qauv sib txawv ntawm tib lub phaj tsim - yam tsis muaj molding ntxiv lossis cov cuab yeej siv.
Lub ntsiab lus inflection ntawm additive manufacturing thiab tsoos manufacturing feem ntau yuav tsum tau tsim los ntawm ntau pua los yog phav phav qhov chaw kom txog rau thaum ib txwm technologies ua ntau nqi-zoo, thiab thaum lub sij hawm qhov no yuav kawg txo tus nqi ntawm txhua txhaj molded ib feem rau pennies, nws tsis yog kom txog rau thaum qhov kev sib tshuam. taw tes, 3D luam ntawv yuav raug nqi ntau dua. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum siv cov ntaub ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, txuag cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb.
Digital khoom
Thaum lub dav hlau ze rau qhov kawg ntawm nws lub neej muaj txiaj ntsig, feem ntau nws tuaj yeem cawm tau los ntawm kev hloov qee qhov chaw kom nws ya mus. Txoj kev zoo li no ua tiav yog los ntawm kev siv lub tsev khaws khoom lub cev uas cov khoom seem tau khaws cia rau hauv txee thaum xav tau. Feem ntau, cov khoom seem no yog tsim nyob rau tib lub sij hawm raws li cov thawj series-tsim OEM qhov chaw thiab tau tshwj tseg rau kev hloov cov kev xav tau ntawm cov khoom hnav. Tab sis yog tias qhov kev xav tau tsis tshwm sim, lawv tau nkim tsis yog lub sijhawm thiab tus nqi ntawm kev tsim khoom, tab sis xyoo ntawm lawv zaum ntawm rhawv. Qhov phem tshaj, yog tias qhov kev thov tuaj, cov khoom seem yog tawm ntawm cov khoom lag luam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas tawm ntawm kev tsim khoom mus ib txhis - ploj mus txawm tias ib feem me me tuaj yeem ua rau lub dav hlau.
Hloov chaw ntawm lub cev tso cov khoom ntawm cov txee, cov khoom lag luam digital mus rau hauv khw muag cov ntaub ntawv tsim tawm uas tuaj yeem luam tawm 3D. Cov khoom uas yuav tsum tau hloov pauv tuaj yeem tsim nyob txhua qhov chaw thiab txhua lub sijhawm siv cov txheej txheem 3D luam ntawv tsim nyog, dua li tsis tas yuav tsum muaj cov pwm kim lossis cov cuab yeej tsim ua ntej. Ntau dua li tos OEMs ncua sijhawm, yog li txo qhov siab ntawm lub cev cov khoom muag, thaum tseem txuas ntxiv lub davhlau, kom nws tsis tuaj yeem ya vim yog qhov me me.
Ya siab dua thiab ntxiv nrog 3D luam ntawv
Kev tsim cov dav hlau, los ntawm cov qauv mus rau cov khoom seem, tau txais txiaj ntsig ntau ntxiv los ntawm kev siv 3D luam ntawv hauv cov khoom siv. Decentralized ntau lawm, tsim tshiab tsim, thiab txo lub sij hawm, cov ntaub ntawv, thiab cov nqi yog muab txoj kev tshiab rau aircraft kom ya siab.
Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom muaj nqis ntxiv hloov cov kev tsim khoom ib txwm muaj, uas tuaj yeem txuag cov nqi pwm thiab ua tiav cov nqi txo thiab nce kev ua haujlwm ntau ntxiv. 3D luam ntawv cov ntaub ntawv yog cov khoom siv hauv paus rau kev txhim kho 3D luam ntawv thev naus laus zis, thiab hlau, ceramics, thiab cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw tau tshwm sim hauv 3D luam ntawv. Raws li kev lag luam txheeb cais tawm los ntawm Wohlers Associates Inc, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov downstream industries ntawm 3D luam ntawv, automotive kev lag luam, neeg siv khoom electronics, thiab aerospace account rau qhov loj tshaj plaws kev faib ua feem, thiab hlau, ceramics, thiab composite cov ntaub ntawv yuav dhau los ua "tipping point" ntawm 3D luam ntawv cov ntaub ntawv.
Raws li keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm "Made in China 2025" txoj kev npaj, 3D luam ntawv tau dhau los ua txoj kab tseem ceeb ntawm kuv lub teb chaws kev txhawb nqa kev tsim khoom ntse, thiab aerospace yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm daim ntawv thov kev tsim khoom ntxiv. Tam sim no, nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm aerospace nyob rau hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws, siab Mach tus naj npawb thiab siab maneuverability aircraft tshwm nyob rau hauv endlessly thiab ua ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb txoj kev loj hlob tiam sis ntawm cov tiam tom ntej ntawm aerospace tsheb. Nws cov kev cai tsim tau muab cov kev xav tau siab dua rau kev tsim thiab kev tsim khoom. Feem ntau ntawm cov khoom muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov loj me, cov duab zoo, thiab ntau yam qauv. 3D luam ntawv thev naus laus zis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom loj, kev tsim cov khoom tshwj xeeb thiab cov txheej txheem nyuaj, thiab kev tsim cov khoom siv ntau yam.
JR tuaj yeem muab kev tsim qauv, 3D luam ntawv txheej txheem, tom qab ua tiav, CNC ua, thiab lwm yam kev pabcuam ib zaug. Tam sim no, nws tau koom tes nrog ntau lub tsev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb, tsev kawm qib siab, thiab cov lag luam hauv aerospace daim ntawv thov kev lag luam, thiab tau cog lus los muab kev daws teeb meem tag nrho rau cov hlau tsis ncaj 3D luam ntawv nrog kev ua haujlwm siab, hnav, thiab zoo microstructure.