Vim li cas aerospace qhov chaw muaj kev nruj tshwj xeeb rau kev kho cua sov?

1. Cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm hnyav sim qhov kev txwv ntawm cov khoom siv ua haujlwm zoo li cas.
Cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov muaj lub sijhawm nyuaj ua tau raws li ntau qhov kev sib tw ua haujlwm xav tau ntawm aerospace qhov chaw tib lub sijhawm.
Qhov kub thiab txias zog thiab creep tsis kam: Turbine hniav yuav tsum muaj zog ntawm qhov kub ntawm 1300 degree. Kev kho cua sov yuav tsum tsim 'theem nag lossis daus ntxiv los ntawm kev daws teeb meem thiab kev laus. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau npib tsib xee-raws li siab- kub alloys kav ntev dua peb zaug ua ntej lawv tawg vim nkag. Piv txwv li, qhov siab -kub endurance lub zog ntawm ib yam ntawm cov dav hlau cav hniav mus los ntawm 400MPa mus rau 650MPa tom qab qhia solidification thiab kub kho.
Txhawm rau nce lub zog tawm los ntawm 150MPa mus rau 350MPa thaum khaws qhov ceev ntawm ib qho -thib peb ntawm cov hlau, aluminium alloy fuselage structural qhov chaw yuav tsum mus los ntawm T6 thermal kho (khoom tov ntxiv dag zog ntxiv). 7075 aluminium alloy muaj lub zog tshwj xeeb ntawm 200MPa / (g / cm. ³) tom qab kev kho cua sov Qhov no yog vim li cas nws yog feem ntau aluminium alloy siv hauv kev lag luam aviation.
Kev tsaws iav yuav tsum muaj peev xwm tswj tau 10 ⁷ lub voj voog ntawm kev thauj khoom, thiab cov txheej txheem kho cua sov yuav tsum tsim kom muaj qis dua bainite + martensite dual theem qauv los ntawm bainite isothermal quenching. Qhov no nce qhov qaug zog txwv ntawm 40CrNi2MoA hlau los ntawm 450MPa rau 650MPa. Tom qab ua kom sov, qhov tawg ntawm qhov tawg ntawm qee yam ntawm lub dav hlau tsaws iav tau nqis los ntawm 60% thaum muab tso rau hauv cov kev pabcuam simulated.
2. Kev tswj cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb yog nyuaj nrog cov txheej txheem nyuaj.
Lub intricate geometric yam ntxwv ntawm aerospace Cheebtsam muaj ib tug tseem ceeb teeb meem rau qhov sib xws ntawm kev kho cua sov:
Tswj qhov deformation ntawm nyias-cov qauv phab ntsa: nyias- cov phab ntsa (nrog phab ntsa thicknesses ntawm 0.5 mus rau 2 hli) nyob rau hauv lub cav combustion chamber yuav warp thaum lub sij hawm quenching vim lawv txias ntawm txawv tus nqi. Lub tshuab nqus tsev siab -siab roj quenching tshuab ua tib zoo tswj lub siab nitrogen (2-6 bar) kom nyias nyias- cov phab ntsa ntawm qhov khoov ntau dhau, los ntawm 0.3% mus rau 0.05%, uas yog qhov xav tau rau kev sib dhos precision.
Lub turbine disk ntawm ib hom aviation cav muaj ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 800mm thiab ib tug tuab ntawm 200mm. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov cua sov tseem nyob thoob plaws txhua qhov chaw. Thaum cua sov nrog cov cua kub cua sov, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov tub ntxhais thiab qhov chaw yuav muaj ntau li 150 degrees Celsius. Qhov kub tsis sib xws yog khaws cia nyob rau hauv ± 5℃tom qab hloov mus rau ntau-zone ntse ntsuas kub tswj lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum. Qhov no yog kom tsis txhob ua tsis tiav thaum ntxov los ntawm lub koom haum tsis sib xws.
Ib qho nyuaj rau kev khiav dej num hauv cov kab noj hniav sab hauv: Cov kab noj hniav sab hauv cov cua txias ntws ntawm tag nrho cov hniav disc tsuas yog 2-3 hli dav, yog li nws yog ib qho nyuaj kom tau txais ib lub koom haum zoo nrog kev kho cua sov. Siv induction cua sov thiab tshuaj tsuag quenching cov tswv yim, qhov sib txawv ntawm hardness ntawm cov ntws channel nto thiab cov tub ntxhais tau qis dua los ntawm 15HRC mus rau 5HRC. Qhov no ua rau cov dej ntws tawm deb dua los tiv thaiv thermal qaug zog.
3. Cov kev cai traceability zoo yuav tsum tau ua raws li tag nrho lub neej voj voog.
Kev lag luam aerospace tau teeb tsa lub kaw tag nrho - lub voj voog rau kev tshuaj xyuas qhov zoo ntawm kev kho cua sov:
Cov txheej txheem kev txhawb nqa: Ib lub tuam txhab tsim hluav taws xob tau tsim cov txheej txheem kho cua sov uas muaj ntau tshaj 2000 ntau yam khoom siv. Txhua tus txheej txheem yuav tsum hu rau txoj cai tsis. Beta theem hloov pauv kub ntawm TC4 titanium alloy yog 980 ± 5 degree. Cov ntaub ntawv raug tswj xyuas qhov kub thiab txias ntawm 975 thiab 985℃kom tsis txhob overburning lossis microstructure coarsening.
Cov txheej txheem tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv traceability: Ntau tshaj 30 yam yuav tsum tau sau tseg thiab khaws cia rau yam tsawg kawg 15 xyoo thaum lub sijhawm kho cua sov. Cov no suav nrog cov cua kub nkhaus, qhov cua txias, thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev. Tom qab tsib xyoos ntawm kev siv, qee hom foob pob hluav taws cav nozzle pib tawg. Los ntawm saib cov ntaub ntawv kho cua sov, nws tau pom tias qhov nruab nrab quenching qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov concentration yog 0.5%. Qhov no thaum kawg tau pom tias yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm kev tawg.
Tsis yog-kev kuaj kev puas tsuaj yog ib qho yuav tsum tau: Txhua qhov tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau sim nrog ultrasonic nthwv dej 100% ntawm lub sijhawm, nrog rau qhov rhiab heev txog 0.2 hli rau lub tiaj- qhov hauv qab. Tom qab tau rhuab, ib tug phased array ultrasonic kuaj pom ib tug micro tawg ntawm 0.1 hli ntawm lub grain ciam teb ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb aviation bearing. Rework tau ua tiav raws sijhawm kom tsis txhob muaj xwm txheej loj.
4. Kev lag luam- cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb txhawb nqa kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis tas li.
Kev lag luam aerospace yog thawb rau kev nce qib ntawm kev kho cua sov thev naus laus zis hauv kev coj ntawm "peb siab thiab ib qho qis":
Lub tshuab nqus tsev siab: Titanium alloy reacts nrog oxygen yooj yim ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 600 degree. Kev kho cua sov ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev tuaj yeem ua kom cov pa oxygen qis dua 10 ppm, uas ua rau TC11 titanium alloy 25% muaj zog tiv thaiv kev qaug zog. Kev kho cua sov lub tshuab nqus tsev tau nce lub neej ua haujlwm ntawm qee hom satellite bracket hauv orbit los ntawm 5 xyoo mus rau 8 xyoo.
Kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias heev: txhawm rau kho qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm aviation cav ib leeg siv lead ua, qhov kub yuav tsum nyob hauv ± 1.5 degree. Kev ntsuas kub infrared thiab kaw- lub voj kev tswj hwm yog siv los txo qis tus qauv sib txawv ntawm cov hniav thawj theem alpha cov ntsiab lus ntawm 3% mus rau 0.5%. Qhov no ua rau cov hniav siab - qhov kub thiab txias ua haujlwm ntau ruaj khov.
Kev siv hluav taws xob siab ua haujlwm: Laser nto zog thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem tsim txheej txheej hardened mus txog 0.5mm sib sib zog nqus ntawm ib feem. Qhov no ua rau kom muaj kev sib cuag lub neej ntawm ib yam ntawm cov nyoob hoom qav taub iav los ntawm 10 ⁷ zaug rau 10 ⁸ zaug thiab ua rau nws 15% sib dua.
Kev kho cua sov cua sov tau tag nrho tshem tawm cov xov xwm quenching uas muaj cyanide thiab hloov mus rau aqueous tov ntawm polyvinyl cawv (PVA). Qhov no tau txo qis tus nqi COD ntawm cov dej khib nyiab los ntawm 5000mg / L rau 200mg / L, uas yog raws li kev cai ib puag ncig.