Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, hlau 3D luam ntawv cov ntaub ntawv tau tsim sai heev. Hauv xyoo 2013, cov khoom siv hlau luam ntawv tau nce 28 feem pua, thiab hauv xyoo 2014 nws tau mus txog ntau dua 30 feem pua, suav txog li 12 feem pua ntawm cov hlau 3D luam ntawv. Cov khoom siv hlau feem ntau yog titanium, aluminium, steel, thiab npib tsib xee. Titanium alloys, high-temperature alloys, stainless hlau, tuag steel, high-strength steel, alloy steel, thiab txhuas alloys yuav siv tau raws li cov ntaub ntawv luam ntawv, thiab tau lug siv nyob rau hauv cov khoom tsim thiab kho thiab remanufacturing.
Cov hmoov hlau siv hauv 3D luam ntawv feem ntau xav tau siab purity, zoo sphericity, nqaim particle loj faib, thiab cov ntsiab lus tsis tshua muaj oxygen. Tam sim no, cov ntaub ntawv hlau hmoov siv hauv 3D luam ntawv feem ntau suav nrog titanium alloys, cobalt-chromium alloys, stainless hlau, thiab aluminium alloy cov ntaub ntawv, ntxiv rau kub, nyiaj, thiab lwm yam khoom siv hlau hmoov zoo siv los luam cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub. 3D luam ntawv hlau hmoov, raws li qhov txuas tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv 3D luam ntawv kev lag luam saw hlau ntawm cov khoom hlau, kuj yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws. Cia kuv qhia cov hlau luam ntawv muab los ntawm peb lub tuam txhab hnub no.
1. Titanium 3D Printing
Titanium alloy muaj qhov zoo ntawm qhov kub thiab txias tsis kam, siab corrosion kuj, siab zog, tsawg ntom, thiab biocompatibility, thiab tau dav siv nyob rau hauv aerospace, tshuaj lom neeg kev lag luam, nuclear kev lag luam, khoom ua si, khoom kho mob, thiab lwm yam kev lag luam. Titanium alloy qhov chaw npaj los ntawm ib txwm forging thiab casting txheej txheem tau dav siv nyob rau hauv high-tech teb. Tus nqi ntawm titanium siv hauv lub dav hlau Boeing 747 nce mus txog 42.7t. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tsim cov titanium alloy loj loj los ntawm cov txheej txheem forging thiab casting txheej txheem tau cuam tshuam nws daim ntawv thov dav vim qhov tsis zoo xws li cov khoom lag luam siab, cov txheej txheem nyuaj, kev siv cov khoom siv tsawg, thiab kev ua haujlwm nyuaj. Hlau 3D luam ntawv thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem daws cov teeb meem no, yog li cov cuab yeej no tau dhau los ua cov thev naus laus zis tshiab rau kev tsim cov khoom siv titanium ncaj qha rau xyoo tas los no. Cov khoom hauv qab no yog luam tawm hauv titanium alloy.
2. Stainless hlau 3D luam ntawv
Stainless hlau muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm chemical corrosion kuj, high-temperature kuj, thiab zoo mechanical zog. Vim nws cov hmoov zoo formability, cov txheej txheem kev npaj yooj yim, thiab tus nqi qis, nws yog cov khoom siv ntxov tshaj plaws siv hauv 3D hlau luam ntawv. Piv txwv li, Huazhong University of Science thiab Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics thiab Astronautics, Northeastern University, thiab lwm lub tsev kawm ntawv tau ua qhov kev tshawb fawb tob txog hlau 3D luam ntawv. Kev tshawb fawb tam sim no yog tsom rau kev txo cov porosity, nce lub zog, thiab spheroidizing mechanism ntawm hlau hmoov hauv cov txheej txheem melting. Li Ruidi et al. siv cov txheej txheem sib txawv los ua SLM tsim cov kev sim ntawm 304L stainless hlau hmoov, tau txais cov qauv qhia pom tseeb rau qhov ntom ntawm 304L stainless hlau, thiab sau cov txheej txheem kev loj hlob ntawm cov nplej. 316L 3D luam ntawv qhov chaw raws li qhia hauv qab no.
3. 3D luam ntawv ntawm superalloys
Superalloys xa mus rau chav kawm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hlau raws li hlau, npib tsib xee, thiab cobalt uas tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau ntev ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 600 degree thiab nyob rau hauv qee qhov kev ntxhov siab. Nws muaj lub zog kub kub, zoo thermal corrosion thiab oxidation tsis kam, thiab zoo plasticity thiab toughness. Tam sim no, raws li hom alloy matrix, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb hom: hlau-raws li, nickel-based, thiab cobalt-based alloys. High-temperature alloys yog siv nyob rau hauv high-kev ua tau zoo engine. Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub advanced aero engines, tus nqi ntawm high-temperature alloy cov ntaub ntawv account rau 40 feem pua rau 60 feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov loj ntawm lub cav. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm niaj hnub high-kev ua tau zoo aero-engines muaj ntau dua thiab siab dua cov kev xav tau ntawm kev pabcuam kub thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm superalloys. Cov txheej txheem ingot metallurgical ib txwm muaj qhov ua kom txias qeeb, kev sib cais hnyav ntawm qee cov ntsiab lus thiab theem thib ob hauv cov khoom siv, kev ua haujlwm kub tsis zoo, cov qauv tsis sib xws, thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis ruaj khov. 3D luam ntawv qhov chaw ntawm superalloys yog raws li nram no.
4. Aluminium alloy 3D luam ntawv
Raws li lub teeb pom kev zoo tshaj plaws, aluminium alloy muaj qhov ua tau los hloov cov hlau thiab aluminium alloy hauv ntau daim ntawv thov vim nws lub zog tshwj xeeb thiab damping zog. Piv txwv li, lub teeb yuag daim ntawv thov ntawm txhuas alloys nyob rau hauv lub tsheb thiab aircraft Cheebtsam yuav txo tau roj noj thiab pa emissions. Lub 3D luam ntawv txhuas qhov chaw yog qhia hauv qab no.
Cov ntsiab lus
Basic hlau hmoov cov ntaub ntawv peb tuaj yeem luam rau koj. Peb tseem muaj ntau yam khoom siv hmoov ua tiav rau koj xaiv. Thib ob, yog tias koj xav tau kev luam ntawv zoo dua qub, peb tuaj yeem muab CNC ua cov kev pabcuam, uas tuaj yeem daws tau ib-nres luam ntawv rau koj. Yog tias koj xav paub txog peb cov hlau 3D, koj tuaj yeem tiv tauj peb txhua lub sijhawm.