Post{0}}Lub Sijhawm Ua Haujlwm Li Cas cuam tshuam rau tag nrho cov khoom xa tuaj rau Hlau 3D Luam Ntawv Automotive Parts?

Rau ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm nrog hlau 3D luam ntawv tsheb qhov chaw nyob rau hauv ib tug automotive mov saw, qhov no scenario yuav resonate tam sim ntawd. Cov lus cog tseg ntawm kev tsim khoom ntxiv - kev tsim qauv nrawm dua, lub sijhawm siv cov khoom siv luv dua, ntawm -thov kev tsim cov duab geometry nyuaj - yog tiag tiag thiab zoo-cov ntaub ntawv. Tab sis lub voj voog xa khoom uas cov neeg siv khoom tau ntsib tsis yog lub voj voog luam ntawv xwb. Nws yog lub voj voog luam tawm ntxiv rau kev tshem tawm, ntxiv rau kev kho cua sov, ntxiv rau qhov chaw tiav, ntxiv rau kev tshuaj xyuas, ntxiv rau txhua qhov kev rov ua dua los ntawm cov txiaj ntsig marginal. Thiab nyob rau hauv ntau qhov kev pab cuam, qhov thib ob ib nrab yog ntev dua thawj zaug.

Tsab ntawv xov xwm no tshuaj xyuas raws nraim li cas post- kev ua tiav ua rau tag nrho lub sijhawm xa khoom rau 3D luam ntawv automotive hlau qhov chaw, txheeb xyuas cov kauj ruam uas lub sij hawm feem ntau ploj, thiab kos cov ntaub ntawv luam tawm hauv kev lag luam thiab Sunhingstones 'cov ntaub ntawv tsim tawm los piav qhia qhov zoo li cas -engineered ncej- kev ua haujlwm zoo li hauv kev xyaum. Kev nkag siab txog qhov kev sib raug zoo no tsis yog ib qho kev kawm: nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv tsheb thauj khoom uas lub qhov rais xa tuaj tsis tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab nres tsis raug nplua, qhov sib txawv ntawm kaum- hnub thiab kaum cuaj- hnub ua lub sij hawm raug ntsuas los ntawm cov ntawv cog lus.

Lub Anatomy ntawm Hlau 3D Printing Delivery Cycle

Tag nrho lub voj voog xa khoom rau hlau 3D luam ntawv tsheb qhov chaw muaj tsib ntu ntu. Txhua theem muaj lub sijhawm nominal uas qhia txog qhov zoo tshaj plaws - kev ua tiav cov ntaub ntawv, thiab lub sijhawm tiag tiag uas qhia txog qhov sib txawv, queuing, thiab rov ua haujlwm uas tshwm sim hauv kev xyaum. Qhov sib txawv ntawm ob daim duab no yog qhov kev xa khoom tau yeej lossis poob.

Theem 1: Tsim Kev Npaj thiab Teem sijhawm

Ua ntej ib txheej yog yaj, qhov chaw yuav tsum tau taw qhia thiab ua zes rau hauv lub tsev tsim, cov qauv kev txhawb nqa yuav tsum tau tsim thiab tshuaj xyuas, thiab kev tsim yuav tsum tau teem caij rau lub tshuab muaj peev xwm. Rau SLM 3D tshuab luam ntawv qhov chaw, tsim kev npaj feem ntau yuav siv sij hawm plaub mus rau yim teev ntawm engineering. Teem sijhawm nyob ntawm lub tshuab muaj: ib qho kev tsim uas tsis tuaj yeem pib tam sim ntawd nkag mus rau ib kab, uas nyob rau hauv siab - siv cov chaw yuav ntxiv ob mus rau tsib hnub rau tag nrho lub voj voog.

Kev tshawb fawb 2022 los ntawm Fraunhofer Lub Tsev Haujlwm rau Laser Technology (Fraunhofer ILT) pom tias kev teem sijhawm thiab tsim kev npaj suav nrog qhov nruab nrab ntawm 18% ntawm tag nrho lub sijhawm xa khoom thoob plaws 42 automotive additive manufacturing programs tau tshawb fawb - ib feem uas tau nce mus rau 28% hauv cov chaw ua haujlwm siab tshaj 85% tshuab utilisation. Qhov cuam tshuam yog tias kev siv tshuab, thaum xav tau kev lag luam, compresses lub sijhawm tsis ua haujlwm thiab ua rau lub sijhawm hloov pauv hloov pauv.

Theem 2: Tsim Nws tus kheej

SLM tsim yog theem pom pom rau cov neeg siv khoom feem ntau thiab feem ntau hais hauv cov neeg xa khoom hais. Tsim lub sij hawm rau automotive 3D luam ntawv hlau qhov chaw yog tsav los ntawm ib feem ntim, txheej suav, thiab tus naj npawb ntawm qhov chaw nested ib tsim. Ib tug neeg sawv cev bracket los yog vaj tse nyob rau hauv txhuas AlSi10Mg ntawm 30-60 μm txheej thickness feem ntau tsim nyob rau hauv 8-24 teev. Cov qauv hlau lossis cov khoom titanium ntawm cov txheej txheej tuab yuav siv sijhawm 24-60 teev lossis ntau dua.

Critically, lub sij hawm tsim yog qhov kev kwv yees tshaj plaws ntawm lub voj voog xa khoom. SLM tsim lub sijhawm yog txiav txim siab thaum cov ntaub ntawv tsim tau npaj: nws tsis txawv nrog tus neeg teb xov tooj muaj, lub sijhawm teem rau lub cub tawg, lossis cov txiaj ntsig tshuaj xyuas. Qhov kev twv ua ntej no muab cov ntaub ntawv raug rau cov neeg muab khoom siv rau theem tsim - thiab nyiam ua rau lawv tsis txaus siab rau tag nrho lub sijhawm voj voog, vim tias qhov kev tshaj tawm - cov theem tsim yog qhov kwv yees tsawg dua.

Theem 3: Tshaj tawm -Kev ua tiav

Ncej- kev ua tiav yog theem uas muaj qhov sib txawv loj tshaj plaws thiab, nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov kev pab cuam, lub sijhawm tag nrho loj tshaj plaws. Rau SLM 3D tshuab luam ntawv qhov chaw, ncej- kev ua haujlwm feem ntau suav nrog:

Ua kom txias thiab depowder:2-8 teev, nyob ntawm qhov loj me thiab chamber txias npaum li cas. Tsis tuaj yeem nrawm dua yam tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo thermal distortion lossis oxidation ntawm reactive alloys.

Stress relief tshav kub kho:4-12 teev ntawm lub sijhawm voj voog, ntxiv rau lub sijhawm tos tos rau qhov cub muaj. Hauv cov chaw uas muaj ib qho chaw sib koom ua ke, lub sijhawm teem sijhawm tuaj yeem ntxiv ob mus rau plaub hnub.

Hlau EDM lossis phau ntawv txhawb nqa tshem tawm:30 feeb mus rau 8 teev rau ib feem, nyob ntawm kev txhawb nqa geometry thiab tus neeg ua haujlwm txawj. Qhov sib txawv tshaj plaws thiab kev ua haujlwm- nyob ntawm cov kauj ruam hauv kab ke.

Deg xov (cov hlaws blasting, machining, lossis electropolishing):1-4 teev ib feem rau cov khoom siv hauv tsheb, ntev dua rau qhov chaw nrog cov channel sab hauv lossis cov txheej txheem sab nraud.

Dimensional soj ntsuam (CMM):1-3 teev rau ib feem, ntxiv rau lub sijhawm teem rau CMM muaj. Yog tias cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo, rov- ntsuas thiab tshuaj xyuas qhov xwm txheej ntxiv sijhawm ntxiv.

Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb xyoo 2023 tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv International Journal of Production Research tau txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv xa mus los ntawm 31 automotive additive manufacturing programs thiab pom tias tom qab -kev ua haujlwm tau suav txog qhov nruab nrab ntawm 58% ntawm tag nrho lub sijhawm xa khoom. Hauv cov kev pab cuam uas lub voj voog tsim yog 24 teev lossis tsawg dua, tshaj tawm - kev ua haujlwm sib faib tau tshaj 70%. Txoj kev tshawb no tau txheeb xyuas lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm lub cub tawg thiab kev txhawb nqa tshem tawm raws li ob tus neeg koom nrog ntau tshaj plaws, suav nrog kwv yees li 35% ntawm tag nrho lub sijhawm voj voog nyob rau hauv qhov haujlwm nruab nrab.

Theem 4: Kev soj ntsuam zoo thiab cov ntaub ntawv

Kev tshuaj xyuas qhov ntev thiab cov ntaub ntawv ua tau zoo feem ntau raug kho raws li theem kawg ntawm kev tshaj tawm - ua tiav, tab sis lawv tsim nyog txiav txim siab cais vim tias lawv yog theem feem ntau yuav tsim cov voj voog rov ua haujlwm. Ib feem uas ua tsis tiav CMM tshuaj xyuas thaum kawg ntawm kaum- hnub voj voog tsis tsuas yog haus ib teev ntxiv: nws rov- nkag mus rau cov ntawv tshaj tawm- cov txheej txheem txheej txheem ntawm txhua kauj ruam yuav tsum tau hais txog qhov tsis yog - ua raws, muaj peev xwm ntxiv ob peb hnub rau tag nrho lub voj voog.

Rauhlau 3D luam ntawv tsheb qhov chawmuab rau IATF 16949- tswj cov neeg siv khoom siv tsheb, cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb: cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog qhov ntev, cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj, cov ntaub ntawv txheej txheem rau txhua tus ncej- cov kauj ruam ua tiav, thiab kev sib txuas ntawm txhua feem rau nws cov ntaub ntawv tsim thiab batch. Sib sau ua ke cov ntaub ntawv no tom qab qhov tseeb - tsis zoo li kev ntes nws nyob rau lub sijhawm tiag tiag thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom - tuaj yeem ntxiv ib mus rau ob hnub rau lub voj voog txawm tias txhua qhov chaw ua raws.

Theem 5: Ntim, Logistics, thiab Cov Neeg Txais Txais

Lub sijhawm kawg yog qhov luv tshaj plaws tab sis qhov tsawg tshaj plaws uas tswj tau: lub sijhawm thauj mus los ntawm tus neeg xa khoom mus rau tus neeg siv khoom qhov chaw. Rau cov kev pab cuam tsheb uas tsuas yog -nyob rau hauv - lub sij hawm xa tuaj, kev cia siab ntawm kev thauj mus los tseem ceeb npaum li kev thauj mus los ceev. Ib feem uas ships nyob rau hnub 12 ntawm 14-hnub coj lub sij hawm cog lus tsis muaj paj rau ib qho kev zam logistics.

Plaub Ntug -Cov kauj ruam ua haujlwm uas nquag txuas ntxiv xa mus

Thaum tshav kub kub kho Queue sij hawm

Ntawm tag nrho cov ntawv tshaj tawm- cov kauj ruam ua tiav, lub sij hawm kho cua sov yog qhov tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig tshaj plaws hauv kev npaj xa mus. Kev ntxhov siab rau kev ntxhov siab tsis yog xaiv tau rau SLM 3D luam ntawv lub tsheb qhov chaw: cov kev ntxhov siab nyob rau hauv raws li - ua SLM aluminium thiab steel Cheebtsam tuaj yeem ncav cuag lossis dhau ntawm cov khoom siv lub zog tawm los, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam lossis qaug zog ntxov ntxov yog tias tsis kho. Kev kho mob nws tus kheej siv sijhawm plaub mus rau kaum ob teev. Tab sis nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw uas ib lub cub tawg ua haujlwm rau ntau txoj haujlwm, cov kab ua ntej ntawm ib qho kev tsim yuav yog hnub, tsis yog teev.

Kev tshawb fawb los ntawm Manufacturing Technology Center (MTC, UK) luam tawm xyoo 2022 pom tias kev kho cua sov teem caij sib txawv yog qhov loj tshaj plaws rau kev xa mus rau lub sij hawm tsis muaj kev cia siab hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ntxiv, nrog rau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv (CV) ntawm 0.68 - lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub cub tawg tos lub sij hawm sib txawv los ntawm 68% nyob ib ncig ntawm nws lub ntsiab lus hauv kev xyaum. Los ntawm kev sib piv, lub sijhawm tsim CV yog 0.09. Hauv lwm lo lus, kev tsim yog ze li cuaj zaus tshaj qhov kev kwv yees ntau dua li cov kab hluav taws xob.

Qhov kev daws teeb meem tsis yog kev kho cua sov sai dua - lub sijhawm voj voog yog tswj hwm los ntawm metallurgy, tsis yog kev nyiam dhau los. Qhov kev daws teeb meem yog kev teem caij rau lub cub tawg rau cov txheej txheem rov ua dua, kev sib sau ua ke thoob plaws cov kev pab cuam kom siv tau ntau tshaj qhov cub hauv ib lub voj voog, thiab qhov tseeb - lub sij hawm cub hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm pom tau kom cov neeg saib xyuas cov kev pab cuam tuaj yeem hais cov voj voog xa khoom raws li qhov tseeb, ntau dua li qhov xav tau, qhov cub muaj.

Txhawb Kev Tshem Tawm Variability

Txhawb nqa kev tshem tawm rauSLM 3D tshuab luam ntawv qhov chawyog tus neeg teb xov tooj tshaj plaws - kauj ruam nyob rau hauv kev tshaj tawm - ua ntu zus thiab ib qho rhiab tshaj plaws rau ib feem geometry. Kev txhawb nqa uas siv tau nrog cov cuab yeej txheem siv feeb kom tshem tawm. Kev txhawb nqa hauv qhov chaw kaw, ntawm cov phab ntsa nyias, lossis hauv cov channel sab hauv yuav xav tau cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, kev ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv, lossis txawm tias EDM txiav - siv sijhawm ntau dua li feeb thiab qhia txog kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau qhov chaw.

Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb los ntawm EOS GmbH thiab Technical University of Munich (2021) pom tias kev txhawb nqa lub sijhawm tshem tawm rau SLM automotive bracket sib dhos sib txawv los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm 3.8 × ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ceev tshaj plaws thiab qeeb tshaj plaws ua haujlwm tib yam. Qhov kev hloov pauv no txhais tau ncaj qha rau hauv lub voj voog kev xa khoom tsis tuaj yeem: ib feem uas siv 45 feeb kom tshem tawm ib tus neeg ua haujlwm yuav siv sijhawm ze li peb teev nrog lwm tus, thiab tsis muaj daim duab qhia rau tus neeg siv khoom hauv thawj lub sijhawm hais.

Tsim-rau-additive-kev tsim khoom (DfAM) yog thawj qhov kev txo qis. Cov khoom tsim kho dua tshiab nrog cov ntim kev txhawb nqa tsawg, tus kheej- txhawb nqa overhangs, thiab cov ntsiab lus txhawb nqa nkag mus tau zoo ib yam qhia txog kev tshem tawm lub sij hawm txo ntawm 30-50% hauv Sunhingstones 'kev tsim khoom. Rau cov kev pabcuam tsheb rov ua dua tshiab, Sunhingstones ua DfAM tshuaj xyuas ntawm txhua qhov kev tsim qauv tshiab ua ntej tsim nyog tsim nyog, tshwj xeeb yog tsom rau kev txhawb nqa kev tshem tawm ua haujlwm nrog rau kev ua kom zoo dua geometric.

CMM Inspection Throughput

Kev sib koom tes ntsuas tshuab (CMM) kev tshuaj xyuas yog lub rooj vag zoo uas txhua txhua 3D luam ntawv automotive hlau yuav tsum dhau ua ntej xa khoom. Rau cov kev zov me nyuam nrog nruj kam rau ua rau ntau qhov tseem ceeb - ib yam ntawm cov qauv tsheb cov khoom siv - CMM kev ntsuas ntawm ib feem tuaj yeem siv sijhawm li ib mus rau ob teev, suav nrog kev txhim kho, kev ntsuas, thiab kev tshaj tawm. Nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw nrog ib qho CMM thiab ntau qhov kev sib koom ua ke, cov kab tshuaj ntsuam xyuas tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv xa mus los ntawm ib hnub ua haujlwm puv lossis ntau dua.

Cov kev daws teeb meem loj yog kev tswj xyuas cov txheej txheem txheeb cais (SPC). Thaum cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tau pom muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo ib yam - feem ntau ua pov thawj los ntawm Cpk Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 1.33 ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev kawm txog kev muaj peev xwm ntawm 30 lossis ntau qhov chaw - 100% CMM tshuaj xyuas tuaj yeem hloov pauv los ntawm kev kuaj xyuas -raws li kev tshuaj xyuas nrog SPC saib. Ib daim ntawv 2022 hauv Phau Tsom Faj Txog Kev Tsim Kho tau pom tias hloov pauv los ntawm 100% CMM tshuaj xyuas mus rau SPC-raws li cov qauv txo qis kev tshuaj xyuas lub sijhawm ua haujlwm los ntawm 64% hauv kev tsim kho tsheb rov ua dua tshiab, tsis muaj qhov nce hauv kev khiav tawm.

Rework thiab Re- tshuaj xyuas Loops

Rework yog qhov kev tshaj tawm -kev ua haujlwm tsis ua haujlwm nrog qhov cuam tshuam loj tshaj plaws ntawm lub sijhawm xa khoom, vim tias nws tsis yog linear: ib feem uas yuav tsum tau ua dua tshiab tsis tsuas yog poob lub sijhawm xav tau los ua qhov rov ua dua - nws poob nws txoj hauj lwm hauv txhua qhov qis qis (qhov cub, CMM, ua tiav) thiab yuav tsum rov ua dua -, feem ntau thaum kawg. Ib qho kev tshwm sim rov ua haujlwm uas siv sijhawm plaub teev ntawm kev ua haujlwm tiag tiag tuaj yeem ntxiv plaub mus rau yim hnub ntawm lub sijhawm dhau mus rau lub sijhawm xa khoom yog tias nws ua rau rov qab -queuing hauv qhov chaw txwv.

Qhov kev txo qis tshaj plaws yog kev tswj hwm cov txheej txheem ntws: kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev tsim tsis muaj, kev txhawb nqa tsim, thiab kev kho cua sov lub voj voog tau txais txiaj ntsig txaus ua ntej kev tsim khoom uas tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim. Rau SLM 3D tshuab luam ntawv qhov chaw, Sunhingstones lub hom phiaj ua ntej - kis tau los ntawm 97% lossis siab dua raws li cov qauv kev npaj tsim khoom. Cov kev pab cuam uas tsis tuaj yeem ua kom pom qhov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tsim nyog yuav tsis raug tso tawm rau kev tsim tawm, txawm hais tias luam tawm zoo, vim tias qhov kev pheej hmoo rov ua haujlwm yog qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau lub voj voog xa khoom.

Case Study: Txo Lub Sijhawm Xa Mus Rau SLM 3D Printing Tsheb Qhov Chaw ntawm Sunhingstones

Nyob rau nruab nrab -2023, German automotive Tier 1 tsum koom nrog Sunhingstones los tsim cov txhuas AlSi10Mg ncua kev kawm ntawv tus qauv thiab tom qab ntawd hloov qhov kev pab cuam mus rau series ntau lawm ntawm 120 units ib hlis. Tus qauv qauv xa tawm pib yog 18 hnub - uas tus neeg siv khoom tau txais kev txhim kho tab sis tau hais tias yog kev lag luam tsis tuaj yeem lees txais rau cov khoom siv, qhov uas lawv cov kab sib dhos yuav tsum tau siv sijhawm ntev tshaj 10-hnub xaj-rau-tau txais.

Cycle Time Analysis

Sunhingstones 'kev tsim khoom engineering pab pawg tau ua cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm cov qauv qauv, ntsuas lub sijhawm dhau mus rau txhua theem:

Tsim kev npaj thiab teem sijhawm: 1.5 hnub (nrog rau 1-hnub tshuab queue tos)

SLM tsim: 1.2 hnub (28 teev ntawm 40 μm txheej thickness)

Cooldown thiab depowdering: 0.4 hnub

Kev kho cua sov (nrog rau cov kab hluav taws xob): 3.1 hnub (0.5 hnub voj voog, 2.6 hnub queue)

Txhawb kev tshem tawm: 1.8 hnub (phau ntawv, sib txawv)

CNC machining ntawm interface nto: 1.2 hnub

Bead blasting: 0.3 hnub

CMM tshuaj xyuas thiab tshaj tawm: 1.4 hnub (nrog rau ib qho kev rov ua dua- ntsuas qhov xwm txheej)

Cov ntaub ntawv sib dhos thiab kev npaj shipping: 0.8 hnub

Tag Nrho: 11.7 hnub tshaj tawm- lub sijhawm ua haujlwm dhau los ntawm 18.0 hnub tag nrho - 65% ntawm lub voj voog. Lub cub tawg kab ib leeg suav txog 14% ntawm tag nrho lub sijhawm voj voog.

Kev Txhim Kho Kev Ua Haujlwm

Raws li kev txheeb xyuas, Sunhingstones tau siv cov kev hloov pauv hauv qab no ua ntej kev tsim tawm series:

Dedicated furnace teem sij hawm:Qhov kev daws teeb meem ruaj khov tau khaws tseg ob zaug hauv ib lub lis piam tshwj xeeb rau txoj haujlwm no, tshem tawm 2.6-hnub nruab nrab kab. Kev kho cua sov lub sij hawm dhau los ntawm 3.1 hnub mus rau 0.7 hnub.

DfAM txhawb kev tsim kho tshiab:Tsim kev taw qhia tau hloov kho thiab peb qhov kev txhawb nqa txuas ntxiv tau raug kho dua tshiab raws li tus kheej - txhawb nqa. Lub sij hawm tshem tawm ntawm phau ntawv txo los ntawm 1.8 hnub rau 0.7 hnub.

Parallel processing:Kev tshuaj xyuas CMM tau pib rau ntawm qhov ua tiav los ntawm tib qhov tsim ua ntej txhua qhov chaw tau ua tiav cov ntawv tshaj tawm - ua tiav, ua kom cov ntaub ntawv pib tsim nyob rau hauv qhov sib npaug es tsis ua raws li qhov sib txuas. Cov ntaub ntawv sib dhos lub sij hawm txo los ntawm 0.8 mus rau 0.3 hnub.

SPC kev tsim nyog:Ib txoj kev kawm 30-ib feem muaj peev xwm tsim tau Cpk Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 1.41 ntawm tag nrho yim qhov tseem ceeb. Kev tshuaj xyuas CMM hloov mus rau 20% piv nrog SPC saib xyuas. Kev tshuaj xyuas lub sij hawm dhau los txo los ntawm 1.4 hnub rau 0.4 hnub.

Qhov tshwm sim

Series ntau lawm lub voj voog ua tiav: 9.2 hnub nruab nrab, nrog rau qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 10.1 hnub hla thawj rau lub hlis ntawm kev tsim khoom. Kev tshem tawm ntawm lub cub tawg yog ib qho loj tshaj plaws, suav nrog 2.4 ntawm 8.8- hnub txhim kho. Thawj-pass yield tuav ntawm 98.3% thoob plaws thawj 720 units tsim.

Qhov tshwm sim: Lub voj voog xa khoom raug txo los ntawm 18 hnub rau 9.2 hnub - txo 49%. Tshaj tawm - lub sijhawm ua haujlwm dhau los txo qis los ntawm 11.7 hnub rau 5.8 hnub. Ua ntej- kis tawm 98.3% dhau 720 units hauv kev tsim tawm.

Kev Lag Luam Standards thiab Automotive Additive Manufacturing Landscape

Kev lag luam tsheb kev koom tes nrog hlau 3D luam ntawv tau nrawm nrawm txij li xyoo 2020. Raws li 2023 Wohlers Report, automotive yog qhov kawg tshaj plaws -siv sector rau hlau additive manufacturing los ntawm cov nyiaj tau los rau peb xyoo sib law liag, accounting rau kwv yees li 22% ntawm tag nrho cov hlau AM qhov chaw tsim khoom. Kev hloov pauv los ntawm tus qauv- tsuas yog mus rau series ntau lawm daim ntawv thov tseem tab tom ua haujlwm zoo, nrog cov qauv kev sib txuas, cov tshuab ua kom txias txias, thiab cov khoom sib tsoo sib tsoo ntawm cov khoom tsim nyog tshaj plaws.

IATF 16949: 2016, automotive zoo tswj tus qauv, tam sim no tsis muaj additives -manufacturing- cov kev cai tshwj xeeb, tab sis nws cov kev cai dav dav rau kev tswj cov txheej txheem, tshwj xeeb txheej txheem tsim nyog, thiab ntsuas qhov system tsom xam tag nrho siv rau hlau 3D luam ntawv tsheb qhov chaw thiab lawv cov ncej- ua. Automotive cov neeg siv khoom tau nce ntxiv ntxiv AM- cov ntawv txuas ntxiv tshwj xeeb rau lawv qhov kev pom zoo ntawm tus neeg muag khoom, qhia cov kev xav tau rau kev tsim kom muaj kev lees paub, tom qab- kev ua tiav traceability, thiab cov ntaub ntawv xa mus.

Lub koom haum European Automobile Manufacturers 'Association (ACEA) thiab cov khoom siv dav hlau European dav hlau tau koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov qauv tsim khoom ntxiv los ntawm kev koom tes nrog ASTM International's F42 pawg thiab ISO's TC261 pawg neeg ntawm kev tsim khoom ntxiv. ESTA (European Smoking and Tobacco Association) tau qhia tshwj xeeb hauv nws cov kev taw qhia cov khoom lag luam uas tsim cov khoom lag luam traceability - ntawm cov ntawv tshaj tawm - cov ntaub ntawv ua tiav yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb - yog qhov tsis yog - kev cia siab sib tham thoob plaws cov chaw tsim khoom, suav nrog tsheb. Qhov no hla -sector momentum mus rau cov ntaub ntawv, traceable post- processing workflows yog ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau cov neeg muab khoom ntawm3D luam ntawv automotive hlau qhov chawnrhiav los tsim kev sib raug zoo OEM ntev.

Sunhingstones aligns nws automotive hlau 3D luam ntawv kev pabcuam xa nrog IATF 16949 cov hauv paus ntsiab lus, ISO 9001 ntawv pov thawj, thiab cov neeg siv khoom- cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb. Kev cog lus rau lub voj voog xa khoom yog nyob ntawm qhov ntsuas lub sijhawm ntev thiab cov ntaub ntawv rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob teem sijhawm - tsis suav tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws -cov ntaub ntawv cov ntaub ntawv - kom ntseeg tau tias lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tau hais txog qhov ua haujlwm tiag tiag.

Daim Ntawv Teev Npe Ua Haujlwm rau Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Tom Qab-Txoj kev pheej hmoo xa khoom xa tuaj

Thaum tsim nyog tau txais kev pabcuam hlau 3D tshuab luam ntawv rau kev tsim khoom hauv tsheb, cov lus nug hauv qab no ncaj qha rau tus ncej- kev ua cov khoom xa tuaj txog kev pheej hmoo tau piav qhia hauv tsab xov xwm no:

Puas yog tus neeg muag khoom muaj peev xwm ua rau lub cub tawg rau cov txheej txheem rov ua dua, lossis puas tau teem caij kho cua sov rau ntawm kev sib koom, ua ntej - tuaj - ua ntej - pab lub hauv paus?

Tus neeg muag khoom puas tuaj yeem muab cov theem ntsuas ntsuas -los ntawm- cov ntaub ntawv lub sijhawm voj voog ntawm cov txheej txheem uas twb muaj lawm, tsis yog qhov kwv yees tag nrho?

Puas yog DfAM kev tshuaj xyuas tau ua rau ib feem kom txo qis kev txhawb nqa ntim thiab tshem tawm qhov nyuaj?

Tus neeg muag khoom tau sau tseg ua ntej yog dab tsi - kis tau tus nqi rau cov hlau thiab ib feem geometry hauv nqe lus nug?

Puas yog CMM tshuaj xyuas 100% rau ib feem, lossis SPC-cov qauv raws li tau tsim nyog rau txoj haujlwm?

Tus neeg muag khoom ua haujlwm li cas? Puas muaj cov ntaub ntawv rov qab - txheej txheem queuing, thiab lub sijhawm ua haujlwm rov ua haujlwm li cas rau cov neeg siv khoom?

Puas yog lub voj voog xa khoom tau hais suav nrog tag nrho cov ntawv tshaj tawm - cov kauj ruam ua tiav thiab cov ntaub ntawv sib dhos, lossis tsuas yog lub sijhawm tsim?

Tus neeg muag khoom yog dab tsi ntawm - lub sij hawm xa tuaj rau cov kev pab cuam tsheb hauv 12 lub hlis dhau los?

Ib tus neeg muag khoom uas tuaj yeem teb tag nrho cov lus nug no nrog cov ntaub ntawv ntsuas, tsis yog kev kwv yees, yuav luag tau nqis peev hauv kev tshaj tawm - kev tsim cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm uas ua rau muaj kev ua tau zoo ntawm tsheb thauj mus los. Tus neeg muag khoom uas hais txog lub voj voog xa khoom raws li lub sijhawm tsim ib leeg tsis tau.

Cov lus nug nquag nug (FAQ)

Cov lus nug no qhia txog cov kev txhawj xeeb uas feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm cov kws tsim kho tsheb thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav khoom thaum ntsuas kev cog lus ntawm lub voj voog xa khoom rau hlau 3D luam ntawv tsheb qhov chaw - thiab hais txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov lus hais thiab cov sij hawm ua cov khoom siv tiag tiag tau piav qhia hauv qhov qhib ntawm kab lus no.

Q1: Vim li cas lub sij hawm xa tuaj rau SLM 3D tshuab luam ntawv feem ntau ntev dua li qhov xav tau?

Vim hais tias feem ntau cov sij hawm xa tuaj raws sij hawm yog raws li lub sij hawm tsim, uas yog qhov pom tau tshaj plaws thiab kwv yees lub sijhawm ntawm lub voj voog xa khoom. Tshaj tawm -kev ua haujlwm - kev kho cua sov, kev txhawb nqa kev tshem tawm, nto tiav, tshuaj xyuas, thiab cov ntaub ntawv - feem ntau suav txog 55–65% ntawm tag nrho lub sijhawm dhau mus, thiab nws lub sijhawm yog qhov hloov pauv ntau dua li qhov tsim. Ib tus neeg muag khoom hais txog kaum hnub raws li kev tsim 28-teev yam tsis muaj kev suav nyiaj rau lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm lub cub tawg, kev txhawb nqa lub sijhawm tshem tawm, thiab lub sijhawm tshuaj xyuas yog ua raws li lub sijhawm xa khoom.

Q2: Dab tsi yog qhov ceev tshaj plaws tag nrho cov khoom xa tuaj rau hlau 3D luam ntawv tsheb qhov chaw hauv txhuas lossis hlau?

Rau me me mus rau nruab nrab aluminium AlSi10Mg lossis steel 316L cov khoom siv nrog cov qauv tshaj tawm - cov txheej txheem ua tiav, qhov zoo- kev pabcuam hlau 3D luam ntawv tuaj yeem ua tiav 7-10 hnub tag nrho los ntawm kev txiav txim rau cov khoom xa tuaj ntawm cov ntim tsawg. Ua kom tiav qhov no tsis tu ncua yuav tsum tau teem caij rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob, DfAM-kev txhawb nqa qhov zoo tshaj plaws, thiab SPC- kev tshuaj xyuas tsim nyog. Rau ntau cov geometries uas xav tau HIP, precision machining, lossis txuas ntxiv kev kho cua sov, 12-16 hnub yog qhov ntsuas qhov tseeb dua. Titanium thiab lwm yam reactive alloy cov kev pab cuam feem ntau yuav tsum tau 14-20 hnub yam tsawg kawg nkaus.

Q3: Lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob cuam tshuam li cas rau lub sijhawm xa khoom, thiab dab tsi tuaj yeem ua tau txog nws?

Lub sij hawm rau lub cub tawg yog qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm qhov kev xa khoom hloov pauv hloov pauv hauv SLM 3D luam ntawv tsheb qhov kev pab cuam. Hauv kev sib koom- qhov chaw nyob hauv qhov cub, lub sij hawm kab nruab nrab yog 1.5–3 hnub thiab sib txawv ntau lub lis piam mus rau ib asthiv. Qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws yog kev cog lus rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob teem caij rau cov kev pab cuam rov ua dua - qhov chaw kho mob tshwj xeeb uas ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw ruaj khov, tsis muaj lwm txoj haujlwm xav tau. Sunhingstones siv lub sijhawm teem sijhawm rau txhua qhov kev tsim tsheb hauv tsheb ntau dua 30 units hauv ib hlis.

Q4: Puas yog tsim-rau-ntxiv-kev tsim khoom (DfAM) puas cuam tshuam rau lub sijhawm xa khoom?

Qhov tseem ceeb, yog. Kev them nyiaj yug ntim ncaj qha txiav txim siab lub sij hawm tshem tawm, uas yog qhov sib txawv tshaj plaws tshaj tawm - cov kauj ruam ua. Sunhingstones 'cov ntaub ntawv tsim tawm qhia tau hais tias DfAM- qhov chaw kho kom zoo ib txwm xav tau 30–50% tsawg dua kev txhawb nqa lub sijhawm tshem tawm ntau dua li qhov sib npaug sib npaug. Txoj kev tshawb fawb EOS/TU Munich tau hais nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no pom 3.8 × variation nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm tshem tawm ntawm cov neeg ua hauj lwm nyob rau tib lub sij hawm - DfAM txo ob qho tib si nruab nrab thiab variance ntawm lub sij hawm ntawd. Rau cov kev pab cuam tsheb nrog lub qhov rais kaw ntom nti, DfAM tshuaj xyuas ua ntej kev tsim khoom tsim nyog tsis yog xaiv tau; nws yog kev xa khoom txaus ntshai txo kev ua haujlwm.

Q5: Sunhingstones lav tau li cas rau lub voj voog kev cog lus rau 3D luam ntawv automotive hlau qhov chaw?

Sunhingstones quotes cov voj voog xa khoom raws li ntsuas theem ntev los ntawm cov kev pab cuam tsim khoom sib piv, tsis kwv yees qhov zoo tshaj plaws - cov ntaub ntawv cov ntaub ntawv. Lub sijhawm teem rau cub tawg tau lees paub ua ntej kev cog lus xa khoom rau txhua qhov kev pab cuam saum 20 units. CMM throughput raug soj ntsuam tiv thaiv qhov kev pab cuam tam sim no, thiab SPC kev tsim nyog tau ua tiav ua ntej tso tawm series rau txhua qhov kev pab cuam rov tshwm sim. Nyob rau - lub sij hawm xa khoom ua tau zoo rau cov kev pab cuam tsheb tau taug qab tawm tsam lub hom phiaj ntawm 95% ntawm - sij hawm rau hnub xa khoom xa tuaj.

Q6: Kuv yuav tsum suav nrog dab tsi hauv kev thov rau kev hais lus (RFQ) kom tau txais kev kwv yees kev xa khoom raug raug rau SLM 3D tshuab luam ntawv qhov chaw?

suav nrog cov hauv qab no nrog koj RFQ: ua kom tiav CAD cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv qhov kawg ntau lawm geometry (tsis yog ib tug qauv variant); qhov yuav tsum tau ua tiav ntawm txhua qhov chaw ua haujlwm; cov khoom siv specification thiab tej yam kev kho cua sov yuav tsum tau; Cov ntaub ntawv zoo yuav tsum tau (CMM daim ntawv qhia, daim ntawv pov thawj khoom, cov ntaub ntawv txheej txheem); qhov ntim txhua xyoo lossis txhua hli; thiab cov khoom xa tuaj yuav tsum tau (ib lub lis piam, ob-ib asthiv, txhua hli). Nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv no, tus neeg xa khoom tuaj yeem hais txog lub voj voog xa khoom raws li cov ntawv tshaj tawm tiag tiag - ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua - tsis yog qhov kwv yees dav dav uas tshem tawm cov kauj ruam uas siv sij hawm ntau tshaj.

Xaus: Lub voj voog xa khoom yog tag nrho cov txheej txheem, tsis yog kev tsim

Tus thawj tswj hwm qhov kev pab cuam hauv qhov qhib scenario tsis muaj teeb meem luam ntawv. SLM tsim tau nrawm, raug, thiab raws sijhawm. Qhov uas ploj lawm yog ib qho kev tshaj tawm - kev ua haujlwm ua haujlwm tau tsim los ua kom haum rau lub voj voog xa khoom uas tus neeg siv khoom xav tau - thiab lub voj voog xa khoom uas qhia txog lub sij hawm dhau mus ntawm txhua theem, tsis yog lub ntsiab lus tsim lub sijhawm.

Rau cov khoom siv tsheb thauj khoom, qhov chaw xa khoom precision yog kev cog lus cog lus thiab lub qhov rais tsis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam nyiaj txiag tiag tiag, lub voj voog xa khoom ntawm cov hlau 3D luam ntawv tsheb qhov chaw yuav tsum tau tsim kho kom txhob txwm ua raws li cov khoom lawv tus kheej. Qhov ntawd txhais tau hais tias muaj peev xwm ua kom sov siab, DfAM-kev txhawb nqa qhov zoo tshaj plaws, SPC- kev tshuaj xyuas tsim nyog, kev ua haujlwm sib luag yog qhov ua tau, thiab kev cog lus rau lub voj voog xa khoom raws li cov ntaub ntawv ntsuas theem.

Sunhingstones tau pom nyob rau hauv series ntau lawm hais tias ib tug me nyuam lub voj voog txo los ntawm 18 hnub mus rau 9.2 hnub yog ua tiav yam tsis tau hloov cov txheej txheem SLM, cov hlau alloy, los yog ib feem tsim - tsuas yog los ntawm engineering tus ncej- kev ua haujlwm ua haujlwm kom haum rau cov neeg siv khoom siv tsheb. Yog tias koj lub koom haum tab tom ntsib cov teeb meem kev xa khoom nrog rau cov kev pab cuam hlau 3D luam ntawv uas twb muaj lawm, lossis tab tom npaj ib qho tshiab SLM 3D luam ntawv tsheb qhov kev pab cuam thiab xav tau kev pab cuam lub sij hawm lub sij hawm muaj tiag, Sunhingstones ntau lawm engineering pab neeg muaj los pab.

Cov ntawv nyeem thiab nyeem ntxiv

Cov peev txheej hauv qab no tau tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntsiab lus thev naus laus zis tau hais hauv kab lus no:

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IATF 16949: 2016. Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo rau Kev Tsim Khoom Siv Tsheb thiab Kev Pabcuam cuam tshuam cov koom haum. International Automotive Task Force. www.iatfglobaloversight.org/iatf-16949/iatf-169492016

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