Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm kev tshaj tawm -kev ua cov hlau 3D luam ntawv thiab kev ua haujlwm ib txwm?

Ib, Technical hauv paus ntsiab lus: Qhov txawv ntawm additive thiab subtractive manufacturing txheej txheem
Hlau 3D luam ntawv yog ib hom kev tsim khoom ntxiv (AM) uas tsim peb - cov khoom siv los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm cov hmoov hlau (xws li titanium alloys thiab stainless hlau) los yog cov xov hlau thiab melting thiab solidifying lawv nrog cov cua sov xws li lasers thiab electron beams. Cov txheej txheem no tsis xav tau pwm thiab tuaj yeem hloov tus qauv digital mus rau qhov tseeb tam sim ntawd. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov saum npoo ntawm qhov molded yog ntxhib (Ra6.3–12.5 μm), thiab tej zaum yuav muaj kev ntxhov siab los yog micro pore defects nyob rau hauv uas yuav tsum tau kho kom zoo dua los ntawm post- ua.

Traditional machining yog raws li lub tswv yim ntawm kev rho tawm ntau lawm. Nws pib nrog tag nrho cov hlau billet thiab siv cov cuab yeej txiav xws li tig, milling, thiab drilling kom tshem tawm cov khoom ntxiv kom txog rau thaum cov duab xav tau. Nws muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm molding precision (txog IT5 qib) thiab zoo deg smoothness (Ra0.1-0.4 μ m), tab sis nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau kev ua hauj lwm nrog complex duab (xws li sab hauv hollowing thiab uneven nto), thiab cov khoom siv yog tsawg (tsuas yog 50% mus rau 70%).

Qhov txawv tseem ceeb:

Khoom siv lub xeev: Tom qab 3D luam ntawv, cov hmoov hlau metallurgical zoo (xws li porosity) yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm, thiab machining yuav tsum tau kho cov teeb meem deformation uas tshwm sim thaum txiav kev ntxhov siab.
Tsim kev ywj pheej: 3D luam ntawv tuaj yeem ua "tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa luam ntawv" ntawm cov qauv nyuaj, thiab kev tshaj tawm - tsuas yog xav tau kom paub tseeb tias qhov kev ua haujlwm hauv zos zoo li ua tau; Machining yog txwv los ntawm qhov yooj yim npaum li cas kom tau txais cov cuab yeej txiav, thiab cov txheej txheem nyuaj yuav tsum tau muab sib cais thiab muab rov qab ua ke tom qab machining.
2, Kev khiav ntawm cov txheej txheem: Txoj kev sib cais los ntawm "kho teeb meem" mus rau "ua kom raug ntau dua"
1. Tshaj tawm-kev ua haujlwm ntawm hlau 3D luam ntawv: Ntau-txuas kev sib koom ua haujlwm zoo
Feem ntau muaj plaub theem tseem ceeb hauv kev tshaj tawm - ua cov hlau 3D luam tawm qhov chaw:

Kev tu thiab tshem tawm kev txhawb nqa: Tshem tawm ntawm cov qauv kev txhawb nqa uas tau tsim thaum lub sij hawm luam ntawv thiab cov hmoov seem ntawm qhov chaw siv ultrasonic tu. Piv txwv li, tom qab luam ntawv dav hlau cav hniav, titanium alloy kev txhawb nqa yuav tsum tau chemically etched kom nws tsis tas yuav raug tshem tawm mechanically, uas yuav ua mob rau saum npoo.
Kev kho cua sov yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab thiab ua kom cov ntaub ntawv zoo dua los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem xws li annealing thiab quenching. Piv txwv li, ib tus neeg muag khoom ntawm cov khoom siv tsheb siv T6 thermal kho ntawm 3D- luam tawm aluminium alloy bracket, uas ua rau nws muaj zog thiab sib zog los ntawm kev nce nws lub zog tensile ntawm 320MPa rau 380MPa.
Nrog rau cov neeg kho tshuab precision machining, koj tuaj yeem CNC zeb los yog grind qhov tseem ceeb (xws li sealing nto thiab mating nto) mus rau hauv ± 0.01 hli. Piv txwv li, ib lub lag luam uas ua rau kev kho mob implants siv tsib -axis linkage machining chaw kom txo qhov roughness ntawm 3D luam titanium alloy acetabular khob los ntawm Ra3.2 μ m rau Ra0.8 μ m, uas ua tau raws li cov qauv rau cog biocompatibility.
Kev kho deg: Siv txoj hauv kev xws li sandblasting, electroplating, anodising, thiab lwm yam los ua kom lub ntsej muag tiv taus corrosion. Ib lub tuam txhab kev lag luam hauv hiav txwv siv micro arc oxidation technology los ua cov yeeb yaj kiab oxide tuab ntawm 3D luam tawm aluminium alloy li qub. Qhov no ua rau lawv tsib zaug tiv taus corrosion hauv dej hiav txwv.
2. Ib txwm machining ncej- ua: txhim kho qhov tseeb thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tib lub sijhawm
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshaj tawm - ua cov khoom siv ib txwm ua yog txhawm rau txhim kho qhov tseeb thiab ua haujlwm. Txoj kev kuj tseem yooj yim heev:

Deburring thiab chamfering: Siv phau ntawv los yog cov cuab yeej siv tau los tshem tawm cov burrs uas tseem tshuav thaum txiav. Qhov no yuav tiv thaiv lub rooj sib txoos los ntawm kev puas tsuaj.
Surface strengthening: Ua rau saum npoo nyuaj los ntawm kev siv txoj kev xws li dov thiab tua blasting. Piv txwv li, ib lub tuam txhab uas ua rau lub zog siv kev txhaj tshuaj peening los tsa cov kev ntxhov siab ntawm lub tshuab ua haujlwm los ntawm 30% thiab ob npaug rau lawv lub neej qaug zog.
Cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev muab qee yam zoo los ntawm txoj kev xws li tshuaj plating thiab electroplating. Piv txwv li, ib lub tuam txhab uas tsim hluav taws xob connectors siv cov tshuaj nickel plating txoj kev los ua ib tug 0.5 μm tuab npib tsib xee txheej ntawm machined tooj liab alloy terminals, uas ua welding deb ntau txhim khu kev qha.
Lub ntsiab sib piv:

Cov txheej txheem nyuaj: 3D luam ntawv tshaj tawm- kev ua haujlwm xav tau kev sib koom tes ntawm ntau qhov sib txuas, thiab cov kev kho cua sov yuav tsum tau hloov raws li cov khoom ntawm cov khoom. Qib ntawm kev tsim qauv rau kev tshaj tawm - cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm rau machining yog siab, tab sis cov txheej txheem nyuaj yuav xav tau ntau lub clamps.
Tus nqi qauv: Tus nqi ntawm kev tshaj tawm - ua 3D luam ntawv yog ib feem loj ntawm tag nrho cov nqi (txog 40%), feem ntau vim yog cov nqi ntawm cov khoom siv kho cua sov thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo. Tus nqi ntawm kev tshaj tawm- kev ua haujlwm hauv machining tsawg (kwv yees li 10%–15%), tab sis tus nqi ntawm cov cuab yeej hnav yog siab nyob rau hauv loj - teev ntau lawm.
3, Daim ntawv thov scenario: txav los ntawm "tus nqi siab- ntxiv customisation" rau "loj-scale standardisation" nyob rau hauv tib lub npe
1. Tshaj tawm -kev ua tiav ntawm cov hlau 3D luam ntawv: tsom mus rau kev nce qib thiab cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb.
Aerospace: Ib lub tuam txhab aerospace siv 3D luam ntawv los ua lub cav combustion chambers. Kom tau txais cov khoom ntom ntom ntawm 99.9%, lawv tshem tawm cov pores sab hauv los ntawm kev kho lawv nrog kub isostatic nias (HIP). Qhov no ua rau cov khoom txhim khu kev qha hauv high-siab thiab siab- qhov kub thiab txias.
Kev kho mob implants: Ib lub tuam txhab orthopedic siv 3D- luam tawm titanium alloy porous qauv tsim cov pob txha, txhim kho pore kev sib txuas los ntawm electrolytic polishing kev kho mob, txhawb cov pob txha cell proliferation, thiab nce qhov kev soj ntsuam kev vam meej mus rau 98%.
Complex pwm: Ib tus neeg muag khoom ntawm lub tsheb sab hauv tau txiav lub voj voog txhaj tshuaj molding los ntawm 40% thiab tsa cov khoom tawm los rau 99.5% los ntawm 3D luam ntawv conformal txias channel pwm thiab siv EDM (hluav taws xob machining) los txhim kho pwm kab noj hniav.
2. Ib txwm machining ncej-kev ua: ua loj- nplai thiab cov qauv tsim
Automotive cav: Ib lub tsheb ruaj khov ua rau cov khoom tseem ceeb xws li lub tog raj kheej thaiv thiab crankshafts los ntawm kev ua haujlwm rau lawv thiab tom qab ntawd kho lawv nrog carburising thiab quenching ua rau saum npoo nyuaj. Qhov no ua rau lub cav kav ntev txog 200,000 km.
Consumer electronics: Ib lub tuam txhab uas tsim cov xov tooj ntawm tes siv CNC machining ntawm aluminium alloy thav duab thiab kev kho anodising kom lawv muaj xim zoo nkauj. Lawv tuaj yeem ua tau ntau dua 5 lab units hauv ib hlis.
General Machinery: Ib lub tuam txhab valve ua rau siab -precision pob li qub los ntawm machining lawv thiab tom qab ntawd ntxiv cov chrome plating muaj zog ua rau lawv hnav ntau dua. Cov valve no kav ntev tshaj 10 xyoo.
Trends hauv Kev Ua Lag Luam:

Integrated manufacturing: Ntau thiab ntau lub lag luam yog siv ib tug mix ntawm "3D printing + machining." Piv txwv li, ib tus neeg muab kev pabcuam dav hlau ua rau ze rau -net tsim blanks siv 3D luam ntawv thiab tom qab ntawd siv machining kom tau txais qhov tseeb kawg. Qhov no nce kev siv cov ntaub ntawv mus rau 85% thiab txiav cov voj voog ntau lawm los ntawm 60%.
Kev hloov kho ntse: AI algorithms tau ntxiv rau 3D luam ntawv tshaj tawm- ua kom txhim kho cov txheej txheem tsis zoo. Piv txwv li, ib lub tuam txhab ua haujlwm siv tshuab kev kawm ua qauv los kwv yees li cas kev kho cua sov yuav hloov cov duab ntawm ib yam dab tsi, uas tau nce qhov kev tsim nyog ntawm 82% mus rau 95%.