Kev kho saum npoo puas yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov kam rau ua ib feem?

1. Kev sib txuas ntawm ntau hom kev kho deg thiab lawv cov teebmeem ntawm kev kam rau siab
Muaj plaub yam tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho deg txheej txheem: kev hloov kho deg, deg alloying, deg conversion txheej, thiab txheej txheej. Qhov kev cuam tshuam ntawm ntau yam txheej txheem ntawm kev kam rau siab sib txawv heev.
Tshuab hloov qhov chaw
Piv txwv li, sandblasting ua rau saum npoo rougher los ntawm ntaus nws nrog siab - ceev xuab zeb hais, tab sis nws tuaj yeem ua rau qhov me me los ntawm 0.01–0.03mm. Rolling hardens saum npoo los ntawm kev hloov nws cov duab, uas tuaj yeem ua rau txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov ncej loj los ntawm 0.005-0.015mm. Laser theem transformation muaj zog yuav luag tsis cuam tshuam rau qhov loj me vim tias nws cov cua sov- cuam tshuam thaj tsam me me.
Technology rau nto alloying
Carburizing thiab nitriding ua alloy txheej los ntawm diffusion. Cov kua nitriding yuav ua rau cov ncej 0.01mm dav thiab lub aperture 0.01mm nqaim, yog li koj xav tau qhov chaw ntawm 0.01mm ntawm ib sab thaum ua. Ionic nitridation, ntawm qhov tod tes, tuaj yeem ua kom qhov loj me hloov mus rau hauv ± 0.002mm yam tsis tas siv cov kua theem.
Technology rau Surface Conversion Txheej
Phosphating kev kho mob tsim cov phosphate zaj duab xis rau saum npoo ntawm cov hlau uas feem ntau yog 2 mus rau 10 μm tuab thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam me me rau kev ua siab ntev. Ntawm qhov tod tes, anodizing (xws li nyuaj anodizing ntawm aluminium alloys) tsim cov oxide zaj duab xis uas yog 30 mus rau 50 μm tuab, uas ua rau cov khoom loj dua nyob rau hauv ib qho kev coj. Yuav kom ua tau li no, yuav tsum siv lub tswv yim "qis qhov sib txawv me me".
Technology rau npog qhov chaw
Lub thickness ntawm cov txheej electroplating muaj qhov ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau kev ua siab ntev. Piv txwv li, yog tias cov ntsia hlau ntev tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li tsib npaug ntawm txoj kab uas hla, qhov siab tshaj plaws txheej yuav tsum tau khaws cia rau 8 μm. Yog tias tsis yog, yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas qhov tsis yog - tus qauv nres. Lub thickness ntawm cov kub-dip galvanized txheej yog 30-80 μm, uas yuav hloov lub suab txoj kab uas hla ntawm fasteners ntau. Txhawm rau kom paub tseeb tias lawv haum, qhov ua ntej -plating qhov ntev yuav tsum tau hloov.
2. Cov txheej txheem me me ntawm kev hloov siab ntev thiab cov ntaub ntawv kev lag luam
Muaj peb yam tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev thiab cov txheej txheem tshuaj uas cuam tshuam rau kev kam rau siab thaum koj kho qhov chaw:
Hloov nyob rau hauv ntim thiab theem ntawm cov khoom
Thaum cov hlau yog blackened, nws tsim ib txheej Fe∝₄ oxide uas ua rau lub ntim nthuav los ntawm 1.3 npaug, uas ua rau nto protrusions. Thaum aluminium alloy yog anodized rau daim ntawv Al ₂ O ∝, lub ntim shrinks los ntawm ib ncig ntawm 15%, uas yuav ua rau microcracks.
Anisotropy nyob rau hauv deposition ntawm coatings
Thaum cov txheej txheem electroplating, qhov tsis sib xws tam sim no tuaj yeem ua rau cov txheej txheem sib txawv. Piv txwv li, cov txheej txheej electroplating ntawm cov xov sab hauv feem ntau yog 30% mus rau 50% thinner dua li sab nrauv. Txhawm rau kom paub tseeb tias nws haum, "Internal thread tolerance zone maintenance 6H" tus qauv yog xav tau.
Tso cov kev ntxhov siab seem thaum lub sij hawm ua tshuab
Sandblasting kev kho mob tso lub zog compressive rau saum npoo, uas ua rau cov khoom nkag mus thaum lawv siv dua. Raws li kev sim, sandblasted 45 # steel ncej Cheebtsam tuaj yeem nthuav dav hauv txoj kab uas hla los ntawm 0.008mm tom qab tuav ntawm 100℃rau 24 teev.
Cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev lag luam:
Ib lub tuam txhab dav hlau tshwj xeeb hais tias qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov loj me ntawm qhov tsis tau them nyiaj 316L stainless hlau qhov chaw tom qab hluav taws xob polishing yog 12%. Los ntawm kev tawm ntawm 0.02mm leeway, tus nqi tsim nyog tau nce mus txog 98%.
Automotive sector muaj cov kev cai nruj npaum li cas kev kam rau siab galvanized bolts tuaj yeem muaj. Rau M12 bolts, txheej thickness yuav tsum tau khaws cia ntawm 8 thiab 2 μm, los yog lwm yam torque coefficient yuav hloov ntau tshaj 15%.
3. Tej teeb meem thiab lawv cov kev daws teeb meem hauv kev lag luam
Hauv kev lag luam aerospace
Thaum ua cov roj nozzles rau LEAP xyaw, GE Aviation siv SLM (Selective Laser Melting) txoj kev thiab HIP (Hot Isostatic Pressure) kho. Los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua qhov kev soj ntsuam zoo (kauv scanning) thiab txheej tuab (30 μm), qhov roughness ntawm qhov chaw nyob hauv Ra12 μm. HIP kev kho mob tshem tawm qhov pores (los ntawm 0.8% mus rau 0.02%), uas ua rau kom lub neej qaug zog los ntawm peb zaug thiab ua tau raws li cov kev cai nruj nruj ntawm cov qauv aviation.
Teb ntawm cov khoom siv kho mob
Johnson&Johnson Kev Kho Mob tau tsim cov txheej txheem sib xyaw hu ua "nqus annealing + tshuaj polishing" rau 3D- luam tawm hip sib koom cog cog. Cov txheej txheem no tau tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab los ntawm kev siv lub tshuab nqus tsev, thiab tom qab ntawd nws siv citric acid-raws li polishing tov kom du nto ntawm Ra50 μm mus rau Ra0.8 μm thaum ua kom nws biocompatible. Txoj kev no muab cov cog rau lub neej qaug zog ntawm ntau tshaj 20 xyoo, uas yog ntau tshaj li qhov xav tau hauv tsev kho mob.
Lub teb ntawm kev ua tsheb
Volkswagen ua cav lub tog raj kheej thaiv siv ib txoj kev hu ua "phosphating + electrophoresis." Lub roughness ntawm lub tog raj kheej sab hauv phab ntsa mus los ntawm Ra3.2 μ m rau Ra0.4 μ m los ntawm kev hloov cov thickness ntawm phosphating zaj duab xis (2-3 μ m) thiab electrophoretic txheej zaj duab xis (20-25 μ m). Qhov no kuj txo qis kev sib txhuam coefficient los ntawm 30% thiab nce roj kev lag luam los ntawm 2%.
4. Cov thev naus laus zis tshiab thiab cov tswv yim los tswj kev ua siab ntev
Tsim cov nyiaj rov qab
Los ntawm kev ua cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov loj ntawm cov txheej txheem kho saum npoo, cov nyiaj pub dawb tau muab tso tseg thaum lub sijhawm ua qauv CAD. Piv txwv li, ib lub tuam txhab tau tsim "kev ua siab ntev ua ntej- cov nyiaj them poob haujlwm" rau kev siv tshuab electroplating. Cov qauv no tuaj yeem hloov pauv tus qauv loj raws li qhov tuab ntawm txheej, uas nce tus nqi thawj zaug mus rau 95%.
Kev tshawb pom thiab kaw -loop tswj hauv internet
Siv 3D scanning thev naus laus zis, koj tuaj yeem pom cov kev hloov pauv loj hauv lub sijhawm tiag tiag tom qab kev kho saum npoo. Siemens 'digital ntxaib' thev naus laus zis, piv txwv li, tuaj yeem ua qhov kev sib dhos virtual ntawm cov khoom siv galvanized, uas txo qis txoj kev kam rau siab sib txawv los ntawm 70%.
Txoj kev tshiab rau kev kho qhov chaw
Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) ua ib zaj duab xis ceramic rau saum npoo ntawm aluminium alloy. Lub thickness ntawm zaj duab xis tuaj yeem tswj tau ntawm 5 thiab 200 μm, thiab qhov tseeb ntawm qhov ntev yog ± 1 μm. Nws tau raug siv nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov khoom siv dav hlau.
Txias tshuab tshuab: Txoj kev no siv siab -kev cuam tshuam ceev ntawm cov khoom siv rau cov txheej txheej. Lub tshav kub cuam tshuam thaj tsam tsawg dua 50 μm, ua rau nws zoo rau kev kho thiab txhim kho qhov tseeb.