Txij li thaum lub advent ntawm 3D tshuab luam ntawv, nws tau maj mam siv rau kev tsim cov khoom tiag. Ntawm lawv, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm 3D tshuab luam ntawv rau cov ntaub ntawv hlau yog tshwj xeeb yog ceev. Nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub teb chaws, tsim lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe thiab lub tebchaws United States muab qhov tseem ceeb heev rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm hlau 3D luam ntawv thiab nqis peev loj sums ntawm cov nyiaj nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb. 3D luam ntawv hlau qhov chaw ib txwm yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev siv. Tsis tsuas yog nws tuaj yeem luam pwm thiab tsheb kauj vab, nws tseem tuaj yeem luam tawm cov riam phom tshiab uas tsis tau muaj dua, thiab nws tuaj yeem luam cov khoom loj xws li tsheb thiab dav hlau. Raws li hom tshiab ntawm kev tsim khoom siv thev naus laus zis, hlau 3D luam ntawv tau qhia txog qhov kev thov dav dav, thiab tau qhia txog kev txhim kho muaj zog hauv ntau thaj chaw xws li cov khoom tsim thiab kev tsim khoom, kev txhawb nqa khoom, thiab aerospace.
Hlau 3D luam ntawv nta
1) High precision. Tam sim no, qhov tseeb ntawm cov khoom siv hlau 3D luam ntawv tuaj yeem tswj tau hauv qab no 0.05mm.
2) Lub voj voog luv luv. Hlau 3D luam ntawv tsis xav tau cov txheej txheem tsim pwm, uas ua rau lub sij hawm ntau lawm ntawm tus qauv. Feem ntau, tus qauv tuaj yeem luam tawm hauv ob peb teev lossis txawm kaum feeb.
3) Nws tuaj yeem ua tus kheej. Hlau 3D luam ntawv tsis muaj kev txwv rau tus naj npawb ntawm cov qauv luam tawm, tsis hais ib los yog ntau tshaj tuaj yeem tsim tau ntawm tus nqi tib yam.
4) Ntau hom khoom siv. Lub tshuab luam ntawv 3D hlau feem ntau tuaj yeem paub txog kev luam ntawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv, thiab ntau yam ntawm cov khoom siv no tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm ntau qhov chaw.
5) Tus nqi kuj tsawg. Txawm hais tias hlau 3D tshuab luam ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv hlau rau 3D luam ntawv kuj tseem kim tam sim no, yog tias lawv tau siv los ua cov khoom lag luam tus kheej, cov nqi tsim khoom kuj tsawg.
Hlau 3D tshuab luam ntawv
Raws li kev txiav-ntug tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau muaj peev xwm thev naus laus zis hauv tag nrho 3D tshuab luam ntawv, 3D tshuab luam ntawv ntawm cov hlau qhov chaw yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txhim kho kev lag luam siab heev. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm science thiab technology thiab cov kev xav tau ntawm popularization thiab daim ntawv thov, qhov ncaj qha tsim ntawm hlau ua hauj lwm qhov chaw los ntawm prototyping sai sai tau los ua lub ntsiab kev loj hlob kev taw qhia ntawm sai prototyping. Tam sim no, cov txheej txheem sai sai uas tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha los tsim cov hlau ua haujlwm feem ntau suav nrog: Xaiv Laser Melting (SLM), Electron Beam Selective Melting (EBSM), Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS)) tos.
Xaiv Laser Melting (SLM)
SLM yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam hlau 3D luam ntawv. Nws cov txheej txheem kev loj hlob tau dhau los ntawm cov theem xws li sintering ntawm qhov qis melting point non-metallic hmoov, sintering ntawm tsawg melting point coated siab melting point hmoov, thiab ncaj qha melting ntawm high melting point hmoov. Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab Texas ntawm Austin thawj zaug thov rau patent hauv xyoo 1986, thiab ua tiav cov khoom siv SLM thawj zaug hauv xyoo 1988. Nws siv qhov chaw ua haujlwm zoo kom yaj sai sai rau hauv cov khoom siv hmoov preset ntawm 30-51 μm, thiab yuav luag ncaj qha. tau tej yam duab. Ntxiv rau qhov ua haujlwm zoo nrog ua tiav metallurgical bonding. Qhov ceev tuaj yeem ncav cuag ze li 100 feem pua, qhov tseeb qhov tseeb tuaj yeem ncav cuag 20-50 μm, thiab qhov roughness ntawm qhov chaw tuaj yeem ncav cuag 20-30 μm. Nws yog ib tug ceev prototyping technology nrog zoo kev loj hlob zeem muag.
SLM molding cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau yog cov hmoov hlau ib leeg, suav nrog austenitic stainless hlau, nickel-based alloys, titanium-based alloys, cobalt-chromium alloys thiab cov hlau muaj txiaj ntsig. Lub laser beam sai melts cov hmoov hlau thiab tau txais ib tug nruam melting channel, uas yuav ncaj qha tau ze li ntawm ntom hlau qhov chaw nrog yuav luag txhua yam zoo, ua tiav metallurgical bonding, thiab siab precision. Nws yog 3D luam ntawv thev naus laus zis rau cov khoom siv hlau nrog kev txhim kho zoo. Nws daim ntawv thov ntau yam tau txuas ntxiv mus rau aerospace, microelectronics, kho mob, hniav nyiaj hniav kub thiab lwm yam lag luam.
Muaj ntau tshaj 50 yam cuam tshuam rau hauv cov txheej txheem SLM, thiab muaj rau 6 pawg uas muaj kev cuam tshuam tseem ceeb rau cov nyhuv molding: cov khoom siv, laser thiab kho qhov muag kab ke, scanning nta, molding cua, molding geometric nta, thiab khoom yam khoom. Tam sim no, cov kws tshawb fawb hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws feem ntau ua cov txheej txheem kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov txheej txheem saum toj no, nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev daws qhov tsis xws luag hauv cov txheej txheem molding thiab txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm molded qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov txheej txheem kev tshawb fawb, cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem SLM tsim muaj xws li laser fais fab, scanning ceev, hmoov txheej thickness, scanning nrug thiab scanning lub tswv yim, thiab lwm yam.
Lub ntsiab tsis xws luag hauv SLM molding txheej txheem yog spheroidization thiab warping deformation. Spheroidization yog qhov tsis txaus melting ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg sab sauv thiab qis thaum lub sijhawm molding txheej txheem. Vim cov nyhuv ntawm qhov nro, cov molten droplets yuav sai sai dov mus rau hauv ib tug kheej kheej, ua rau spheroidization. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob spheroidization, lub zog tawm tswv yim yuav tsum tau nce kom tsim nyog. Warpage deformation yog tshwm sim los ntawm thermal stress nyob rau hauv lub SLM txoj kev ua ntau tshaj lub zog ntawm cov khoom, ua rau cov yas deformation. Vim yog qhov nyuaj ntawm kev ntsuas qhov seem ntawm qhov kev ntxhov siab, kev tshawb fawb tam sim no ntawm warpage deformation ntawm SLM txheej txheem yog tsuas yog ua los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem finite, thiab tom qab ntawd qhov kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov txiaj ntsig simulation tau txheeb xyuas los ntawm kev sim. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm SLM thev naus laus zis yog: thawj zaug siv Pro / e, UG, CATIA thiab lwm yam 3D qauv software los tsim cov qauv 3D khoom ntawm ib feem ntawm lub khoos phis tawj, thiab tom qab ntawd hlais thiab txheej txheej 3D qauv los ntawm slicing software kom tau txais contour cov ntaub ntawv ntawm txhua ntu, txoj kev sau scanning yog tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv contour, thiab cov cuab yeej yuav tswj tau lub laser beam kom xaiv yaj cov hmoov hlau hmoov ntawm txhua txheej raws li cov filling scanning kab, thiab maj mam muab tso rau hauv peb-dimensional. hlau qhov chaw.