Dab tsi qib tuaj yeem polishing nce saum npoo ntawm hlau 3D luam ntawv rau?

1. Nto roughness: dhia ntawm micrometers mus rau nanometers
Surface roughness yog ib qho kev ntsuas tseem ceeb ntawm qhov zoo ntawm ib feem ntawm qhov chaw. Nws muaj qhov cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau nws tiv thaiv corrosion, nws ua haujlwm zoo nrog kev sib txhuam, thiab nws ua haujlwm zoo li cas nrog lub teeb. Cov txheej txheem kev teeb tsa, hom khoom, thiab cov kev taw qhia ntawm kev luam ntawv tag nrho muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj npaum li cas ntawm cov hlau 3D luam tawm thaum xub thawj. Piv txwv li, qhov roughness saum npoo ntawm titanium alloy qhov chaw ua nrog laser hmoov txaj melting (LPBF) txoj kev tuaj yeem siab li Ra15-20 μm thaum ntsuas hla kev luam ntawv. Thaum ntsuas raws cov kev taw qhia luam ntawv, txawm li cas los xij, qhov roughness tuaj yeem qis li Ra8-12 μm vim tias cov txheej txheem nruj dua. Polishing tuaj yeem ua rau saum npoo ntau smoother:
Mechanical polishing: Siv lub tshuab polishing tshuab thiab pob zeb diamond abrasives, qhov roughness ntawm aluminium alloy qhov chaw ua los ntawm BJ txoj kev (adhesive spraying) tuaj yeem txo qis los ntawm Ra2.4 μ m rau Ra0.8 μ m lossis tsawg dua, uas yog qhov zoo txaus rau feem ntau cov khoom siv sib dhos. Rau siab -cov kev xav tau precision, xws li kev txhawb nqa rau cov iav kho qhov muag, ntau- theem polishing (coarse polishing → fine polishing → ultra fine polishing) tuaj yeem txo qhov roughness ntawm Ra0.05 μ m, uas yog ze rau qib ntawm cov iav sib tsoo.
Tshuaj polishing: Txoj kev no siv cov tshuaj acidic los yog alkaline los xaiv cov pob zeb tawg. Nws ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov kab noj hniav sib txawv hauv cov kab noj hniav. Piv txwv li, qhov roughness ntawm 316L stainless hlau hlab plawv stents mus los ntawm Ra6 μm ​​rau Ra0.2 μm tom qab tshuaj polishing. Qhov no tau tshem tawm ntawm microsphere-zoo li cov ntawv txuas uas tsim thaum lub sijhawm luam ntawv, uas txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm thrombosis.
Laser polishing: Siv cov kab hluav taws xob muaj zog los yaj cov ntaub ntawv saum npoo hauv thaj chaw me me thiab tom qab ntawd cia qhov nro ntawm cov kua hlau ua haujlwm ntawm smoothing nws tawm. Cov kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias tom qab tsib lub laser scans ntawm 316L stainless hlau Cheebtsam tsim siv txoj kev SLM, qhov saum npoo roughness ploj zuj zus los ntawm Sa21 μm mus rau Sa1 μm, ua tiav tus nqi txo ntawm 96%, yam tsis muaj kev tsim ntawm subsurface kev puas tsuaj txheej los ntawm mechanical polishing.
2. Microstructure: Txhim kho los ntawm qhov tsis zoo mus rau qhov ntom ntom
Polishing tsis tsuas yog ua rau lub ntsej muag zoo dua, tab sis nws kuj ua rau cov khoom muaj zog los ntawm kev tshem tawm qhov tsis zoo:
Kev kaw tawg: Microcracks uas tsim thaum hlau 3D luam ntawv txias sai heev tuaj yeem raug kaw ib nrab los ntawm kev siv tshuab polishing siab. Piv txwv li, tom qab kev vibration polishing, qhov tawg ntawm qhov ntom ntom ntawm ib qho aviation cav turbine hniav poob los ntawm 40%, thiab lub voj voog siab qaug zog nce mus txog 25%.
Tso cov kev ntxhov siab seem: Tshuaj polishing relieves residual tensile kev nyuaj siab los ntawm kev rhuav tshem txheej txheej, uas tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab corrosion cracking. Cov kev kho mob ntawm TC4 titanium alloy qhov chaw pom tau tias qhov seem seem ntawm qhov chaw tau nqis los ntawm -150MPa mus rau -50MPa, thiab tus nqi ntawm corrosion los ntawm ntsev tsuag mus los ntawm 60%.
Laser polishing tuaj yeem ua rau saum npoo, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov nplej loj dua qub. Kev tshawb fawb ntawm qhov siab -kub alloy Inconel 718 qhia tau hais tias laser polishing refines lub nto grain loj ntawm 50 μm mus rau 10 μm, txhim khu hardness los ntawm 15%, thiab txo cov oxidation qhov hnyav nce ntawm 650℃los ntawm 30%.
3. Kev ua tau zoo: mus ntawm theem pib mus rau siab -kawg
Kev txhim kho hauv qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws - polishing ncaj qha cuam tshuam nrog kev ua kom zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo:
Txhim kho kev hnav tsis kam: Cov npoo du tuaj yeem ua rau nws tsis tshua muaj rau cov khoom me me kom kov ib leeg ntawm qhov chaw sib cuag. Kev ntsuam xyuas kev sib txhuam ntawm GCr15 bearing steel Cheebtsam qhia tias polishing nto ntawm Ra1.6 μm rau Ra0.2 μm ua rau kev sib txhuam coefficient poob ntawm 0.15 mus rau 0.08 thiab hnav kom muaj nuj nqis nqis los ntawm 70%.
Kev tiv thaiv zoo dua rau kev xeb: Lub npoo du ua rau nws nyuaj rau cov tshuaj corrosive los lo, thiab cov zaj duab xis passivation uas tsim thaum lub sij hawm tshuaj polishing ntxiv kev tiv thaiv ntau dua. Tom qab electrochemical polishing, corrosion tam sim no ceev ntawm 304 stainless hlau qhov chaw nyob rau hauv ib tug 3.5% NaCl tov tau nqis los ntawm 1.2 × 10 ⁻⁵ A / cm ² rau 2.5 × 10 ⁻⁶ A / cm ², thiab cov kuj mus pitting corrosion mus txog 5 zaug.
Kev txhim kho kho qhov muag: Kev tshawb fawb ntawm polishing AlSi10Mg aluminium alloy tsom iav pom tias thaum lub ntsej muag roughness qis dua los ntawm Ra3.2 μm rau Ra0.05 μm, qhov pom lub teeb pom kev nce mus txog 85% mus rau 92%, uas yog qhov kev sib txuas lus laser xav tau.
4. Daim Ntawv Thov Kev Lag Luam: Tsiv los ntawm lub chaw sim mus rau lub Hoobkas
Cov txheej txheem polishing tau siv dav hauv thaj chaw uas tsim nyog rau cov qauv txheej txheem zoo:
Aerospace: Laser polishing yog siv rau ntawm qee hom foob pob hluav taws lub cav nozzle los ua kom lub ntsej muag tsis zoo, los ntawm Ra12 μ m rau Ra0.8 μ m. Lub neej thermal lub neej nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw simulated (kub ntau: -180℃txog 300 degree) tau tsa los ntawm 50 mus rau 200 zaug.
Kev kho mob cog: Tom qab tshuaj polishing, qhov roughness ntawm titanium alloy hip ob leeg prosthesis mus ntawm Ra8 μ m rau Ra0.5 μ m. Qhov no ua rau cov hlwb lo rau cov cog cog 40% zoo dua thiab ua rau cov pob txha koom nrog lawv 30% sai dua.
Precision pwm: Tom qab polishing nrog cov duab adaptive sib tsoo (SAG), qhov roughness ntawm lub tsheb txhaj tshuaj pwm core mus rau Ra0.02 μ m, lub neej pwm nce los ntawm 100,000 zaug mus rau 500,000 zaug, thiab cov khoom nto glossiness nce mus txog 2 qib.